WEBVTT
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-(suspenseful music playing)
-(rain pattering)
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(violent whooshing)
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(erupting)
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(disembodied rhythmic stomping)
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(music intensifying)
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(stomping intensifying)
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-(stomping stops)
-(exhales)
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(pensive music playing)
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GORDON GRAY:
Dr. Oppenheimer.
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Dr. Oppenheimer.
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As we begin, I believe you have
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a statement to read
into the record.
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Yes, Your Honor.
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WARD EVANS:
We're not judges, Doctor.
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ROBERT:
No.
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Of course.
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Members of the security board,
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the so-called
derogatory information
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in your indictment of me
cannot be fairly understood,
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except in the context
of my life and my work.
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SENATE AIDE:
How long did he testify?
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Honestly, I forget.
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The whole hearing took a month.
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An ordeal, hmm?
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Well, I've only
read the transcripts.
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(clears throat)
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Who'd want to justify
their whole life?
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You weren't there?
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As chairman,
I wasn't allowed to be.
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Are they really
going to ask about it?
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-It was years ago.
-Four years ago...
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Five.
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Oppenheimer
still divides America.
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The committee is gonna want
to know where you stood.
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Senator Thurmond asked me to say
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not to feel that
you're on trial.
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Oh, funny, I didn't
till you just said that.
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-Really, Mr. Strauss...
-It's Admiral.
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Um, Admiral Strauss.
This is a formality.
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President Eisenhower has asked
you to be in his cabinet.
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Senate really has no choice
but to confirm you.
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And if they bring up
Oppenheimer?
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When they bring up Oppenheimer,
you answer honestly.
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No senator can deny
you did your duty.
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It'll be uncomfortable.
(chuckles awkwardly)
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Who'd want to justify
their whole life?
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(clamoring)
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ROGER ROBB: Why did you leave
the United States?
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I, uh... I wanted to study
the new physics.
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GRAY:
Was there nowhere here?
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I thought Berkeley
had the leading
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theoretical physics department.
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Yes. Once I built it.
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But first I had to go to Europe.
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I went to Cambridge to study
under Patrick Blackett.
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Were you happier there
than in America?
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-Happier?
-Yes.
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(unsettling music playing)
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No. No, I, uh...
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I was homesick, um...
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...emotionally immature...
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...troubled by visions
of a hidden universe.
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(soft blast)
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(rumbling)
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Useless in the lab.
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(glass shattering)
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Christ, Oppenheimer.
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Have you had any sleep?
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Start again.
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I need to go
to the lecture, sir.
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Why?
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It's Niels Bohr.
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BLACKETT:
Damn, completely forgot.
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All right. (clears throat)
Let's go.
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-Oh, no, not you, Oppenheimer.
-(students laughing)
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You finish coating those plates.
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STUDENT 1:
You see them?
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(students laughing)
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STUDENT 2:
Don't forget to clean up!
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(cabinet door closes)
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BOHR: Quantum physics
is not a step forward,
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it is a new way
to understand reality.
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Einstein's opened the door,
now we are peering through,
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seeing a world inside our world.
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A world of energy and paradox
that not everyone can accept.
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(unsettling music continues)
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(rumbling)
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-(music fades out)
-(bell tolling)
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(indistinct chatter)
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Yeah, definitely.
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-(panting)
-Are you all right?
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Niels, meet
J. Robert Oppenheimer.
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BOHR:
What's the "J" stand for?
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Nothing, apparently.
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You were at my lecture.
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You asked
the only good question.
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BLACKETT:
No one's denying his insight.
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It's his laboratory work that
leaves a little to be desired.
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(swallows) I heard
you give the same lecture...
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At Harvard, yes, and you
asked the same question.
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Why ask again?
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Hadn't liked your answer.
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Did you like it better
yesterday?
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A lot.
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You can lift the stone
without being ready
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for the snake that's revealed.
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Now it seems you're ready.
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-But you don't enjoy the lab?
-(continues panting)
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So get out of Cambridge
with its beakers and potions.
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Go somewhere they let you think.
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(whispers):
Where?
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Göttingen.
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-Born?
-Born.
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Get to Germany,
study under Max Born.
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Learn the ways of theory.
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I'll send word.
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(gasps)
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-Wormhole. (exhales)
-(apple clatters in trashcan)
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How's your mathematics?
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Not good enough for
the physicist he wants to be.
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Algebra's like sheet music.
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The important thing isn't
"Can you read music?"
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It's "Can you hear it?"
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Can you hear the music, Robert?
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Yes, I can.
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(classical music playing)
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-(rumbling)
-(metallic clinking)
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(music intensifying)
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(intense classical music
continues)
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(rumbling)
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(rumbling)
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(music tempo increasing)
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(music ends)
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The senator from Wyoming.
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Admiral Strauss, I'm interested
in your relationship
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with Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
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You met him in 1947?
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Correct.
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You were commissioner
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of the Atomic Energy Commission?
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I was, but I-I actually
met Robert in my capacity
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as board member of the
Institute for Advanced Study
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at Princeton because
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after the war,
he was world-renowned
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as the great man of physics,
and I was determined
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to get him to run the Institute.
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(birds chirping)
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(soft music playing)
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Dr. Oppenheimer. An honor.
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Mr. Strauss.
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It's pronounced "straws."
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ROBERT:
Oh-ppenheimer, Oppenheimer.
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Whatever way you say it,
they know I'm Jewish.
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(Strauss chuckles)
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I'm president of Temple Emanu-El
in Manhattan.
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"Straws" is just
the Southern pronunciation.
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-Ah.
-Anyway,
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welcome to the Institute.
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I think you could be
very happy here.
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Yes, well,
you'll love the commute.
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The position comes
with that house
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for you and your wife
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and your, is it two children?
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Yes, two.
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I'm a great admirer
of your work.
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And you're a physicist
by training, Mr. Strauss?
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I'm sorry, uh,
common room 4:00 tea.
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No, I'm not trained in physics
or anything else.
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-I'm a self-made man.
-Ah.
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-I can relate to that.
-Really?
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Yes, my father was one.
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And this would be your office.
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I'm told he's there
most afternoons.
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You know, I've always wondered
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why you didn't involve him
in the Manhattan Project.
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Greatest scientific mind
of our time.
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Of his time.
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Einstein published
his Theory of Relativity
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more than 40 years ago now.
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But never embraced
the quantum world it revealed.
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"God doesn't play dice."
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Precisely.
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You never thought of studying
physics formally, Mr. Strauss?
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Well, I had offers,
but I chose to sell shoes.
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Lewis Strauss was once
a lowly shoe salesman.
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No, just a shoe salesman.
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Huh.
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-I'd love to introduce you.
-No need.
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I have known him for years.
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(soft music continues)
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Albert.
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(pensive music playing)
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What was that?
What did you say to him?
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Oh, he's fine.
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Mr. Strauss,
there are things in my past
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you ought to be aware of.
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Well, as chairman of the AEC,
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I have access
to your security file.
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I've read it.
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-You're not worried?
-No.
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Why would I be worried
after everything
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you've done for your country?
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Well, times change, Mr. Strauss.
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Well, the purpose
of this institute
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is to provide a haven
for independent minds.
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That's you.
You are the man for the job.
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Well, then I'll consider it.
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I'll see you
at the AEC meeting tomorrow.
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(scoffs)
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This is one
of the most prestigious
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appointments in the country.
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Yes, with a great commute.
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That's why I'm considering it.
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SENATOR McGEE:
So, Dr. Oppenheimer brought
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your attention
to his past associations
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before you appointed him?
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Yes.
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And it didn't concern you?
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Just then,
I was entirely consumed
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with what he must have said
to Einstein to sour him on me.
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(laughter)
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But later?
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Well, we all know
what happened later.
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ROBB: Doctor, your, uh...
your time in Europe,
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you seemed to meet
with a wide range
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of other countries' physicists.
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Yes, that's right.
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Any Russians?
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None that spring to mind.
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If you'll just allow me to
continue with my statement...
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Mr. Robb, you'll have ample
opportunity to cross-examine.
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ROBERT: After Göttingen,
I moved on to Leiden in Holland
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where I first met Isidor Rabi.
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(clears throat) Excuse me.
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(grunts)
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(sighs)
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A Yank,
lecturing on the new physics?
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This I have to hear.
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I'm an American myself.
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How surprising.
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Um...
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Let me know if you need
any help with the English.
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(scattered laughter)
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(speaking Dutch)
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Wait, what's he saying?
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(door opens)
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(Rabi grunts)
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No, thank you.
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It's a long way to Zurich.
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You get any skinnier,
we're gonna lose you
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between the seat cushions.
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I'm Rabi.
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Oppenheimer.
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I caught your lecture
on molecules.
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Caught some of it.
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We're a couple of New York Jews.
How do you know Dutch?
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Well, I thought
I'd better learn it
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when I got here this semester.
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You learned enough Dutch
in six weeks
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to give a lecture
on quantum mechanics?
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Wanted to challenge myself.
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Quantum physics wasn't
challenging enough.
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-Schvitzer.
-Schvitzer?
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-Show-off.
-(chuckles)
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Dutch in six weeks,
but you never learned Yiddish?
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They don't speak it so much
my side of the park.
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Screw you.
14:46.028 --> 14:47.529
You homesick?
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Oh, you know it.
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Ever get the feeling our kind
isn't entirely welcome here?
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Physicists?
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'S funny.
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Not in the department.
14:57.706 --> 14:59.007
They're all Jewish too.
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Eat.
15:04.813 --> 15:06.949
There's a German
you have to seek out.
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-Heisenberg.
-Right.
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(Heisenberg speaking German)
15:19.695 --> 15:21.197
One might be led
to the presumption
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that behind the quantum world,
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there still hides a real world
in which causality holds,
15:27.636 --> 15:29.838
but such speculation seem to us,
15:29.871 --> 15:32.607
to say it explicitly, fruitless.
Thank you.
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Have a great day.
15:37.012 --> 15:39.248
(indistinct chatter)
15:39.282 --> 15:40.983
-Wonderful.
-Thank you.
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Dr. Oppenheimer.
15:42.285 --> 15:44.220
Oppenheimer, yes.
15:44.253 --> 15:46.122
I liked your paper on molecules.
15:46.155 --> 15:47.656
Probably because
you inspired it.
15:47.689 --> 15:49.192
If I inspire anything else,
let me know.
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We could publish together.
15:50.293 --> 15:52.128
I have to get back to America.
15:52.161 --> 15:53.895
Why? There's no one there
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taking quantum mechanics
seriously.
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-That's exactly why.
-(sighs)
15:57.799 --> 16:00.236
He's pining for the canyons
of Manhattan.
16:00.269 --> 16:02.704
ROBERT:
Canyons of New Mexico.
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-You're from New Mexico?
-No.
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New York, but my brother
and I have a ranch
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outside Santa Fe. (inhales)
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That's the America
I miss right now.
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Then it's best you get home,
cowboys.
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-(Robert chuckles)
-(chuckles) That's him.
16:14.317 --> 16:17.753
No, me and horses.
I don't think so.
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-(Rabi chuckles)
-Nice to meet you.
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Did you ever encounter
Heisenberg again?
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Not in person, no, but, uh...
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...you might say
our paths crossed.
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On returning to America,
I accepted positions
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at both Caltech
and up at Berkeley.
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(indistinct chatter)
16:40.309 --> 16:41.943
WOMAN:
I got it, it's all right.
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(mellow music playing)
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ROBERT:
Dr. Lawrence, I presume?
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You must be Oppenheimer.
17:05.368 --> 17:06.902
Yes.
17:06.935 --> 17:09.272
I hear you want to start
a school of quantum theory.
17:09.305 --> 17:10.972
I am starting it. Next door.
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-They put you in there?
-I asked for it.
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Wanted to be close
to you experimentalists.
17:14.976 --> 17:17.346
Theory will get you
only so far, huh?
17:17.380 --> 17:19.348
We're building a machine
to accelerate electrons.
17:19.382 --> 17:22.085
-Magnificent.
-Would you like to help?
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Build it? Oh, no. (chuckles)
17:23.985 --> 17:25.088
No, no.
17:25.121 --> 17:27.689
But I am working on theories
I'd like to test with it.
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When do you start teaching?
17:28.757 --> 17:30.625
I've got my first in an hour.
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-Seminar?
-Pupil.
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One student? That's it?
17:35.964 --> 17:38.700
I'm teaching something
no one here has dreamt of.
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But once people start hearing
what you can do with it...
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There's no going back.
17:42.271 --> 17:44.373
(door opens)
17:44.407 --> 17:46.708
-Oh. I must have missed the...
-Ah. Lo...
17:46.741 --> 17:48.743
-Mr. Lomanitz?
-Na.
17:49.945 --> 17:50.846
Yeah.
17:50.879 --> 17:52.981
Yes, this is it. Please.
17:53.014 --> 17:54.083
Take a seat.
17:55.218 --> 17:56.618
(clears throat)
17:58.954 --> 18:00.755
What do you know
about quantum mechanics?
18:00.789 --> 18:03.159
I have a grasp on the basics.
18:03.192 --> 18:04.759
Then you're doing it wrong.
18:04.793 --> 18:05.961
(classical music playing)
18:05.994 --> 18:08.264
Is light made up
of particles or waves?
18:08.297 --> 18:09.432
Quantum mechanics
says it's both.
18:09.465 --> 18:11.067
How could it be both?
18:11.100 --> 18:13.001
-It can't.
-It can't.
18:13.034 --> 18:17.906
But it is. It's paradoxical,
and yet, it works.
18:25.047 --> 18:26.048
Now.
18:27.916 --> 18:29.885
Thank you.
18:29.918 --> 18:32.921
Mr. Lomanitz.
You're gonna be okay.
18:32.954 --> 18:34.323
Mr. Snyder.
18:34.357 --> 18:35.891
Now let's consider a star.
18:35.924 --> 18:39.462
A star. A vast furnace
burning in outer space,
18:39.495 --> 18:42.898
fire pushing outwards
against its own gravity.
18:42.931 --> 18:44.367
Balanced.
18:44.400 --> 18:46.701
But if that furnace cools...
18:46.735 --> 18:48.036
(crackling)
18:48.070 --> 18:50.072
...and gravity starts winning,
it contracts.
18:51.073 --> 18:52.040
Density increases.
18:52.074 --> 18:53.276
Correct.
18:53.309 --> 18:54.477
Increasing gravity.
18:54.510 --> 18:56.011
Increasing density.
18:56.045 --> 18:58.181
-And?
-It's a vicious cycle until...
18:58.214 --> 18:59.848
what's the limit here?
19:01.016 --> 19:03.252
(chuckles) I don't know.
See where the math takes us.
19:03.286 --> 19:05.054
I guarantee it's somewhere
no one's been before.
19:05.087 --> 19:06.988
Me?
19:07.022 --> 19:09.192
Yes, you.
Your math is better than mine.
19:09.225 --> 19:10.892
(students laughing)
19:10.926 --> 19:13.028
SENATOR BARTLETT:
Dr. Oppenheimer's file
19:13.062 --> 19:15.464
contained detail
of his activities in Berkeley.
19:15.498 --> 19:16.965
Why would they have
started a file
19:16.998 --> 19:19.935
on Dr. Oppenheimer
before the war?
19:19.968 --> 19:22.438
Well, you'd have
to ask Mr. Hoover.
19:22.471 --> 19:24.340
I'm asking you, Admiral Strauss.
19:24.373 --> 19:27.310
Uh, my assumption is that
19:27.343 --> 19:30.479
it was connected to his, uh,
19:30.513 --> 19:33.049
left-wing political activities.
19:34.150 --> 19:35.817
LAWRENCE: You shouldn't
let them bring up politics
19:35.850 --> 19:37.186
in the classroom, Oppie.
19:37.220 --> 19:38.954
I wrote that.
19:38.987 --> 19:42.258
Lawrence, you embrace
the revolution in physics.
19:42.291 --> 19:44.093
Can't you see it
everywhere else?
19:44.126 --> 19:46.229
Picasso, Stravinsky,
Freud, Marx.
19:46.262 --> 19:47.862
LAWRENCE:
Well, this is America, Oppie.
19:47.896 --> 19:49.265
We had our revolution.
19:50.399 --> 19:52.901
Seriously,
keep it out of the lab.
19:52.934 --> 19:56.037
Well, out of the lab,
my landlady
19:56.072 --> 19:58.873
is having a discussion group
tonight. Interested?
19:58.907 --> 20:00.976
I have sampled
the Berkeley political scene.
20:01.009 --> 20:03.045
It's all just
philosophy post-grads
20:03.079 --> 20:05.381
and Communists
talking integration.
20:05.414 --> 20:07.083
You don't care
about integration.
20:07.116 --> 20:08.984
I want to vote for it,
not talk about it.
20:09.017 --> 20:11.019
'Specially on a Friday.
Come on, let's eat.
20:11.053 --> 20:13.389
(sighs)
I'm meeting my brother there.
20:13.422 --> 20:15.291
SENATOR BARTLETT:
And how would these activities
20:15.324 --> 20:16.459
have come to the attention
20:16.492 --> 20:17.493
of the FBI?
20:17.526 --> 20:19.495
Well, if I remember correctly,
20:19.528 --> 20:21.464
the FBI was taking
license plates
20:21.497 --> 20:23.832
outside suspected
Communist gatherings,
20:23.865 --> 20:25.867
and his name popped up.
20:33.442 --> 20:34.976
-Gotcha!
-(whispers): Jesus Christ.
20:35.010 --> 20:37.313
-Sorry. Hi, brother.
-Frank.
20:38.314 --> 20:40.049
Uh, you remember Jackie.
20:40.082 --> 20:41.550
Evening.
20:41.584 --> 20:43.552
Let's go. Come.
20:43.586 --> 20:46.155
MAN: Right over there,
right over there.
20:47.089 --> 20:50.092
Robert. I want you
to meet Chevalier.
20:50.126 --> 20:53.828
Dr. Haakon Chevalier,
Dr. Robert Oppenheimer.
20:53.862 --> 20:55.030
-Pleasure.
-Pleasure.
20:55.064 --> 20:56.365
This is my little brother,
Frank.
20:56.399 --> 20:57.600
-And this is...
-Hello.
20:57.633 --> 20:59.568
-Still Jackie.
-Hello, Still Jackie.
20:59.602 --> 21:01.570
Chevalier, you're in languages?
21:01.604 --> 21:03.339
And your reputation
precedes you.
21:03.372 --> 21:05.107
-What have you heard?
-MARY: Excuse me.
21:05.141 --> 21:06.908
That you're teaching a radical
new approach to physics
21:06.941 --> 21:08.177
I have no chance
of understanding,
21:08.210 --> 21:09.578
but I hadn't heard
you're a Party member.
21:09.612 --> 21:11.913
-Uh, I'm not.
-Oh, not yet.
21:11.946 --> 21:13.915
Frank and I are thinking of
joining. Just the other day,
21:13.948 --> 21:15.584
-I was saying...
-I support a range of causes.
21:15.618 --> 21:17.253
CHEVALIER:
The Spanish Civil War?
21:17.286 --> 21:19.020
A democratic republic
being overthrown
21:19.055 --> 21:20.356
by fascist thugs, who wouldn't?
21:20.389 --> 21:22.058
Our government.
21:22.091 --> 21:23.559
They think that socialism is
a bigger threat than fascism.
21:23.592 --> 21:25.094
ROBERT:
Not for long.
21:25.127 --> 21:26.928
Look at what the Nazis
are doing to the Jews.
21:26.961 --> 21:29.532
I send funds to colleagues
in Germany to emigrate.
21:29.565 --> 21:31.600
I have to do something.
21:31.634 --> 21:35.003
(sighs)
My own work is so abstract.
21:35.036 --> 21:36.605
What are you working on?
21:36.639 --> 21:38.574
What happens to the stars
when they die.
21:38.607 --> 21:40.041
Do stars die?
21:41.243 --> 21:42.545
Well, if they do,
21:42.578 --> 21:44.480
they'd cool, then collapse.
21:44.513 --> 21:47.149
In fact, the bigger the star,
21:47.183 --> 21:49.884
-the more violent its demise.
-(explosions)
21:49.918 --> 21:51.454
The gravity gets so concentrated
21:51.487 --> 21:54.457
it swallows everything.
21:54.490 --> 21:55.458
Everything, even light.
21:55.491 --> 21:56.659
Can that really happen?
21:56.692 --> 21:58.494
The math says it can.
21:58.527 --> 21:59.961
If we can get published,
21:59.994 --> 22:01.564
then perhaps one day,
an astronomer finds one.
22:01.597 --> 22:03.332
But right now,
all I have is theory,
22:03.366 --> 22:05.234
which can't impact
people's lives.
22:05.267 --> 22:07.536
Well, if you're going
to send money to Spain,
22:07.570 --> 22:09.138
do it through
the Communist Party.
22:09.171 --> 22:10.506
They can get it
to the front lines.
22:10.539 --> 22:12.941
Mary sent me with these.
22:13.642 --> 22:16.445
-I'm Jean.
-Robert.
22:16.479 --> 22:17.979
CHEVALIER:
Haakon Chevalier.
22:18.012 --> 22:19.548
The union meeting at Serber's
last month?
22:19.582 --> 22:20.982
Right, right, yes.
22:21.015 --> 22:22.385
Oh, thank you.
22:22.418 --> 22:24.653
CHEVALIER: Robert here says
he's not a Communist.
22:24.687 --> 22:26.988
Well, then he doesn't know
enough about it.
22:27.021 --> 22:29.392
Oh, I've read Das Kapital,
all three volumes.
22:29.425 --> 22:31.060
Does that count?
22:31.093 --> 22:33.062
It would make you better read
than most party members.
22:33.095 --> 22:35.398
Turgid stuff.
There's some thinking, um,
22:35.431 --> 22:36.599
"Ownership is theft."
22:36.632 --> 22:38.534
-"Property."
-"Property"?
22:38.567 --> 22:40.369
"Property," not "ownership."
22:40.403 --> 22:42.438
I'm sorry, I read it
in the original German.
22:42.471 --> 22:45.141
CHEVALIER:
(chuckles) Well.
22:46.007 --> 22:47.376
It's not about the book.
22:47.410 --> 22:50.413
It's about the ideas.
And you sound uncommitted.
22:50.446 --> 22:52.081
Well, I'm committed
to thinking freely
22:52.114 --> 22:54.550
about how to improve our world.
22:54.583 --> 22:56.685
Why limit yourself to one dogma?
22:56.719 --> 22:59.688
You're a physicist,
you pick and choose rules?
22:59.722 --> 23:01.290
Or do you use the discipline
23:01.323 --> 23:03.459
to channel your energies
into progress?
23:03.492 --> 23:05.895
I like a little wiggle room.
23:06.995 --> 23:09.198
Do you always
tow the party line?
23:10.566 --> 23:12.334
I like my wiggle room too.
23:14.069 --> 23:16.238
(Jean breathing heavily)
23:20.276 --> 23:21.310
(exhales deeply)
23:22.478 --> 23:25.013
-ROBERT: What?
-(chuckles)
23:25.047 --> 23:26.215
Wait, wait, wait.
23:30.119 --> 23:31.720
JEAN:
Unexpected.
23:31.754 --> 23:33.656
-What?
-For a physicist.
23:33.689 --> 23:36.459
You only have a shelf
full of Freud?
23:36.492 --> 23:39.361
Well, actually,
my background's more...
23:39.395 --> 23:41.230
Uh, Jungian?
23:42.364 --> 23:43.466
You know analysis?
23:43.499 --> 23:46.034
When I was in post-grad
at Cambridge,
23:46.068 --> 23:47.369
I had a little trouble.
23:48.370 --> 23:51.106
-I'll bite.
-I tried to poison my tutor.
23:51.140 --> 23:52.141
Did you hate him?
23:52.174 --> 23:53.642
I liked him very much.
23:53.676 --> 23:55.578
You just needed to get laid.
23:55.611 --> 23:57.179
Took my analyst two years,
23:57.213 --> 23:59.148
and I don't think they
ever put it that succinctly.
23:59.181 --> 24:00.516
You have everyone convinced
24:00.549 --> 24:03.285
you're more complicated
than you actually are.
24:03.319 --> 24:05.321
We're all simple souls, I guess.
24:05.354 --> 24:06.522
I'm not.
24:09.391 --> 24:10.426
What's this?
24:10.459 --> 24:12.026
Sanskrit.
24:12.061 --> 24:13.362
You can read this?
24:13.395 --> 24:15.197
I'm learning.
24:19.401 --> 24:21.203
Read this.
24:22.638 --> 24:24.273
Well, in this part,
24:24.306 --> 24:26.509
Vishnu reveals
his multi-armed self...
24:26.542 --> 24:27.543
No.
24:28.611 --> 24:30.479
Read the words.
24:33.849 --> 24:37.018
"And now I am become Death.
24:42.458 --> 24:44.193
Destroyer of worlds."
24:45.127 --> 24:46.629
(thunder rumbling)
24:48.364 --> 24:50.432
(wind howling)
24:51.767 --> 24:54.236
(disquieting music playing)
25:08.684 --> 25:11.086
(thunder rumbling)
25:15.124 --> 25:16.458
This'll do. (clicks tongue)
25:22.598 --> 25:24.199
It'll break before dawn.
25:24.233 --> 25:27.603
Air cools overnight,
just before dawn, it breaks.
25:30.272 --> 25:32.207
(clicks tongue) Come.
25:33.342 --> 25:35.544
(laughter)
25:38.247 --> 25:41.717
Ah. So, I'm getting married.
25:41.750 --> 25:43.352
-Frank. Congratulations!
-Thank you.
25:43.385 --> 25:45.187
-Thank you.
-To Jackie?
25:45.220 --> 25:47.590
-Yeah, to Jackie.
-(clears throat)
25:47.623 --> 25:48.724
The waitress.
25:48.757 --> 25:50.726
Oppie, you're right.
It's lettin' up.
25:50.759 --> 25:53.195
I'm gonna go see
if there's any stars.
25:53.228 --> 25:55.264
All your talk
about the common man,
25:55.297 --> 25:56.799
but Jackie's not good enough
for you, hmm?
25:56.832 --> 25:57.866
ROBERT:
Mm-mm.
25:57.900 --> 25:59.401
We join the Party and you can't
25:59.435 --> 26:01.203
-hide your disapproval. Why?
-Oh, now, I...
26:01.236 --> 26:02.304
Is that because that's
supposed to be your thing?
26:02.338 --> 26:03.872
I haven't joined
the Party, Frank.
26:03.906 --> 26:06.442
And I don't think she should
have convinced you to either.
26:06.475 --> 26:08.210
Half of the faculty
is Communist.
26:08.243 --> 26:09.311
Not that half.
26:10.646 --> 26:13.382
I'm your brother, Frank,
and I want you to be cautious.
26:13.415 --> 26:15.117
And I want to wring your neck.
26:16.251 --> 26:17.486
(breath shudders)
26:17.519 --> 26:20.422
I won't live my life
afraid to make a mistake.
26:22.291 --> 26:25.628
You're happy, I'm happy.
26:25.661 --> 26:27.196
So then I'm happy you're happy
26:27.229 --> 26:28.564
-that I'm happy.
-(chuckles)
26:30.866 --> 26:32.801
(mysterious music playing)
26:32.835 --> 26:34.436
LAWRENCE:
I feel like I could see
26:34.470 --> 26:36.572
one of those dark stars
that you're working on.
26:36.605 --> 26:39.174
You can't.
That's the whole point.
26:39.842 --> 26:41.543
Their gravity swallows light.
26:42.811 --> 26:45.881
It's like a kind of
hole in space.
26:45.914 --> 26:47.249
Is Frank okay?
26:47.282 --> 26:49.685
Yes. He just has
a shitty brother.
26:50.819 --> 26:52.488
It is special here.
26:54.857 --> 26:57.326
When I was a kid,
26:57.359 --> 27:00.396
I thought if I could find a way
27:00.429 --> 27:04.800
to combine physics
and New Mexico,
27:04.833 --> 27:07.369
my life would be perfect.
(laughs)
27:08.437 --> 27:09.705
Little remote for that.
27:09.738 --> 27:10.873
Yes.
27:10.906 --> 27:12.574
Let's get some sleep.
27:13.542 --> 27:14.943
ROBERT:
That mesa we saw today,
27:14.977 --> 27:17.479
one of my favorite places
in the world.
27:18.313 --> 27:19.782
And tomorrow we'll climb it.
27:19.815 --> 27:21.250
LAWRENCE:
What's it called?
27:22.284 --> 27:24.353
ROBERT:
Los Alamos.
27:27.456 --> 27:29.458
I didn't expect
to see you today.
27:30.626 --> 27:32.461
Do I have to make
an appointment?
27:34.396 --> 27:36.532
BARBER:
Hey! Hey, get back here!
27:36.565 --> 27:37.700
Alvarez?
27:43.472 --> 27:46.308
ALVAREZ:
Oppie! Oppie!
27:46.341 --> 27:48.343
ROBERT:
What? What is it?
27:48.377 --> 27:49.978
They've done it.
They've done it.
27:50.012 --> 27:51.280
Hahn and Strassmann in Germany.
27:51.313 --> 27:53.482
They split the uranium nucleus.
27:54.349 --> 27:56.218
LAWRENCE:
How?
27:56.952 --> 27:58.854
Bombard it with neutrons.
27:58.887 --> 28:00.022
ALVAREZ:
It's a nuclear fission.
28:00.056 --> 28:01.690
They did it,
they split the atom.
28:01.724 --> 28:03.292
It's not possible.
28:03.325 --> 28:05.627
(stimulating music playing)
28:09.431 --> 28:11.233
I'm gonna try to reproduce it.
28:17.873 --> 28:19.808
See? Can't be done.
28:20.909 --> 28:24.313
LAWRENCE:
Very elegant. Quite clear.
28:24.346 --> 28:26.982
-There's just one problem.
-Where?
28:27.015 --> 28:28.817
Next door.
28:28.851 --> 28:30.786
Alvarez did it.
28:30.819 --> 28:32.955
-But then look...
-(pulsing)
28:32.988 --> 28:36.325
...these fission pulses,
they're massive.
28:36.358 --> 28:39.628
I've seen 30 of these
in the past ten minutes.
28:39.661 --> 28:42.498
Theory will take you
only so far.
28:42.531 --> 28:43.966
(gasps)
28:43.999 --> 28:46.001
During the process...
28:46.034 --> 28:47.770
extra neutrons boil off,
28:47.803 --> 28:50.973
which could be used to split
other uranium atoms.
28:51.006 --> 28:52.407
Chain reaction.
28:52.441 --> 28:54.077
You're thinkin'
what I'm thinkin'.
28:54.110 --> 28:56.879
You, me, and every other
physicist around the world
28:56.912 --> 28:58.413
who's seen the news.
28:59.115 --> 29:00.916
I'm... what?
What are we all thinking?
29:00.949 --> 29:04.720
A bomb, Alvarez.
29:05.888 --> 29:07.589
A bomb.
29:07.623 --> 29:10.826
I told you, Robert,
no more fucking flowers.
29:12.427 --> 29:13.962
I don't understand
what you want from me.
29:13.996 --> 29:15.764
I don't want anything from you.
29:16.765 --> 29:18.801
Well, you say that
and then you call.
29:18.834 --> 29:21.436
Well, don't answer.
29:21.470 --> 29:23.472
I'll always answer.
29:28.744 --> 29:29.678
Fine.
29:29.711 --> 29:32.414
Just no more flowers.
(breathing heavily)
29:33.448 --> 29:34.817
You're not coming?
29:35.984 --> 29:38.787
CHEVALIER: You have to know
when you're beaten, Robert.
29:41.090 --> 29:42.825
It's not that simple, Hoke.
29:42.858 --> 29:45.027
MAN: Chevalier,
good to see you. It's...
29:45.061 --> 29:46.395
Ah, Barbara, good to see you
29:46.428 --> 29:48.897
and the illustrious
Dr. Oppenheimer.
29:48.931 --> 29:50.099
I'm Eltenton.
29:50.133 --> 29:51.500
-ROBERT: Oh, pleasure.
-Please, please.
29:51.533 --> 29:52.701
Now, might you say a word
29:52.734 --> 29:55.470
about organized labor
on campuses, yes?
29:55.504 --> 29:57.039
Coming through! Coming through!
29:57.073 --> 29:58.640
-(chanting): F.A.E.C.T.!
-I work at Shell.
29:58.674 --> 30:00.676
We've signed up chemists,
we've signed up engineers,
30:00.709 --> 30:02.578
so why not scientists
in academia?
30:02.611 --> 30:05.514
(chanting):
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
30:05.547 --> 30:08.817
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
30:08.851 --> 30:10.485
Oppie! Oppie!
30:10.519 --> 30:13.422
-Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
-(cheers and applause)
30:16.592 --> 30:20.562
Teachers are unionized.
Why not professors?
30:20.596 --> 30:22.030
Don't you have somewhere to be?
30:22.065 --> 30:23.899
Lawrence,
academics have rights too.
30:23.932 --> 30:26.435
Look, it's not that.
I've got a group coming.
30:26.468 --> 30:29.671
-Well, I'll sit in.
-Not this one.
30:31.974 --> 30:33.375
(door opens)
30:35.944 --> 30:37.613
ROBERT:
Richard. Dr. Bush.
30:37.646 --> 30:39.715
What brings you two up north?
30:41.817 --> 30:43.886
(somber music playing)
30:46.189 --> 30:47.556
(sighs)
30:49.192 --> 30:50.559
Richard, you tell Ruth
30:50.592 --> 30:51.860
I'll be down
to Pasadena Thursday.
30:57.666 --> 30:58.767
(sighs)
31:00.869 --> 31:03.505
STUDENT 1: Your paper
on black holes is in!
31:03.538 --> 31:05.507
-STUDENT 2: Oppie!
-(applause)
31:05.540 --> 31:09.178
Where's Hartland?
Get Hartland. Get Hartland.
31:09.212 --> 31:11.480
LOMANITZ:
September 1st, 1939,
31:11.513 --> 31:13.749
the world's gonna
remember this day.
31:13.782 --> 31:14.650
(Robert chuckles)
31:14.683 --> 31:16.152
Oh, Hartland.
Our paper, it's in print.
31:16.185 --> 31:18.921
SNYDER:
You've been upstaged.
31:22.524 --> 31:25.061
During the Battle of Britain,
I found myself
31:25.094 --> 31:27.829
increasingly out of sympathy
with the (clears throat)
31:27.863 --> 31:30.866
policy of neutrality
that Communists advocated.
31:30.899 --> 31:34.703
Right after Hitler invaded
Russia and we became allies,
31:34.736 --> 31:36.772
these Communist sympathies,
did they return?
31:36.805 --> 31:37.839
No.
31:38.974 --> 31:42.577
I need to make clear that
my changing views on Russia
31:42.611 --> 31:43.845
did not mean a sharp break
31:43.879 --> 31:45.948
from those who held
different views.
31:45.981 --> 31:48.550
For a year or two,
and during a previous marriage,
31:48.583 --> 31:51.887
my wife Kitty had been
a Communist Party member.
31:52.888 --> 31:54.489
(Kitty laughing)
31:54.523 --> 31:55.857
KITTY:
Oop!
31:55.891 --> 31:57.693
This way. This is where
I keep the good stuff.
31:57.726 --> 31:59.728
Well, I thought
this was the Tolmans' house.
31:59.761 --> 32:01.964
I live with them
while I'm at Caltech.
32:01.997 --> 32:03.498
Do you two need anything?
32:03.532 --> 32:05.000
ROBERT:
We're good, Ruthie.
32:06.102 --> 32:08.737
So, you're a biologist.
32:08.770 --> 32:11.974
Well, somehow
I have graduated to housewife.
32:12.007 --> 32:15.144
Can you explain
quantum mechanics to me?
32:15.178 --> 32:16.212
Seems baffling.
32:16.245 --> 32:17.946
Yes, it is.
32:19.048 --> 32:21.850
Well, this glass,
32:21.883 --> 32:22.784
this drink...
32:22.818 --> 32:25.921
-(knocks countertop)
-...this countertop,
32:25.954 --> 32:29.058
uh, our bodies...
32:29.092 --> 32:30.993
all of it.
32:31.026 --> 32:33.595
It's mostly empty space.
32:33.628 --> 32:36.132
Groupings of tiny energy waves
bound together.
32:36.165 --> 32:38.033
By what?
32:38.067 --> 32:41.636
Forces of attraction
strong enough to convince us
32:41.670 --> 32:43.872
that matter is solid.
32:43.905 --> 32:47.042
Stop my body
passing through yours.
32:52.181 --> 32:54.616
(indistinct chatter)
32:58.787 --> 33:00.289
You're married to Dr. Harrison.
33:00.323 --> 33:02.058
Not very.
33:04.093 --> 33:07.796
There is someone that I feel...
33:07.829 --> 33:09.265
Does she feel the same way?
33:09.298 --> 33:13.136
Sometimes. Not enough.
33:14.337 --> 33:17.306
You know,
I'm going to New Mexico.
33:17.340 --> 33:19.142
To my ranch, with friends.
33:19.175 --> 33:20.542
You should come.
33:21.344 --> 33:23.179
I meant with your husband.
33:23.212 --> 33:24.780
Yes, you did.
33:24.813 --> 33:27.716
'Cause you know it won't make
a bit of difference.
33:27.749 --> 33:29.951
(sentimental music playing)
33:31.686 --> 33:33.189
Why did you marry him?
33:33.222 --> 33:36.758
I was lost and he was kind.
33:38.927 --> 33:39.795
Lost?
33:39.828 --> 33:43.332
Well, my previous husband
had died, and...
33:43.366 --> 33:45.801
at 28, I wasn't really ready
to be a widow.
33:45.834 --> 33:47.836
-Who was your first husband?
-Nobody.
33:47.869 --> 33:50.339
But my second husband
was Joe Dallet.
33:50.373 --> 33:53.342
He was, um, from money,
like me, but...
33:53.376 --> 33:56.312
he was a union organizer
in Youngstown, Ohio.
33:56.345 --> 33:57.612
Fell hard.
33:57.646 --> 33:58.914
(chuckles) How hard?
33:58.947 --> 34:00.615
Hard enough to spend
the next four years
34:00.649 --> 34:01.983
living off beans and pancakes,
34:02.017 --> 34:04.786
handing out the Daily Worker
at factory gates.
34:04.820 --> 34:07.323
By 36, I just told Joe
I couldn't take it anymore.
34:07.356 --> 34:09.225
Quit the Party and a year later,
34:09.258 --> 34:12.794
I wanted him back, so...
Him, not the Daily Worker.
34:12.828 --> 34:14.963
And he said, "Swell, I'll meet
you on my way to Spain."
34:14.996 --> 34:16.698
He went to fight
for the Loyalists?
34:16.731 --> 34:18.834
And then he went to
the brigades and I waited.
34:18.867 --> 34:19.935
And...
34:20.802 --> 34:22.171
Joe got himself killed
34:22.205 --> 34:24.606
first time he popped his head
out of the trench.
34:25.941 --> 34:28.377
Ideology got Joe killed.
For nothing.
34:28.411 --> 34:30.279
Spanish Republic isn't nothing.
34:30.313 --> 34:31.414
My husband offered
both our futures
34:31.447 --> 34:32.914
to stop one fascist bullet
34:32.948 --> 34:35.118
from embedding itself
in a mudbank.
34:36.017 --> 34:37.853
That's the definition
of nothing.
34:37.886 --> 34:39.888
Seems a little reductive.
34:39.921 --> 34:41.656
Pragmatic.
34:41.690 --> 34:44.127
Now here I am.
34:46.362 --> 34:47.963
Wherever the hell this is.
34:49.332 --> 34:52.168
(sentimental music continues)
34:55.003 --> 34:58.274
I didn't want you to hear it
from anyone else.
34:58.307 --> 35:00.675
(crying softly)
35:00.709 --> 35:04.046
Least you didn't
bring me flowers. (sniffles)
35:05.148 --> 35:07.283
(chuckles)
35:07.316 --> 35:09.152
(tender music playing)
35:09.185 --> 35:12.754
We both know I'm not
what you want, Jean.
35:13.788 --> 35:16.425
Yeah, but it's a door closing.
35:16.459 --> 35:17.859
No.
35:19.428 --> 35:21.796
Not as far as I'm concerned, no.
35:22.998 --> 35:24.733
You knocked her up, fast work.
35:24.766 --> 35:27.403
-Can't keep a good man down.
-(scoffs)
35:27.436 --> 35:29.438
I meant her.
35:29.472 --> 35:31.474
She knew what she wanted.
35:31.507 --> 35:33.442
What about the husband?
35:33.476 --> 35:34.943
We talked, um,
35:34.976 --> 35:36.912
they're getting a divorce, so...
35:36.945 --> 35:40.715
we can get married
before she starts showing.
35:40.749 --> 35:42.218
How civilized.
35:44.187 --> 35:45.288
You idiot.
35:45.321 --> 35:47.089
This is your community.
35:47.123 --> 35:50.059
You think the rules
don't apply to the golden boy?
35:51.227 --> 35:52.861
Brilliance makes up for a lot.
35:52.894 --> 35:55.398
Don't alienate the only people
in the world
35:55.431 --> 35:57.099
that understand what you do.
35:58.833 --> 36:00.203
One day you might need them.
36:00.236 --> 36:02.971
F.A.E.C.T. MEMBERS (chanting):
F.A.E.C.T.!
36:03.004 --> 36:04.207
ROBERT:
The Federation of Architects,
36:04.240 --> 36:07.376
Engineers, Chemists
and Technicians.
36:07.410 --> 36:08.910
(chanting stops)
36:13.815 --> 36:16.352
Lomanitz,
what do you get paid a month?
36:16.385 --> 36:17.520
That's not the point, Lawrence.
36:17.553 --> 36:19.854
What do any of you
have in common
36:19.888 --> 36:22.491
with farm laborers
and dock workers?
36:22.525 --> 36:24.093
LOMANITZ:
Plenty.
36:25.161 --> 36:27.697
Everybody out. Now!
36:31.534 --> 36:32.934
Not you.
36:35.804 --> 36:38.840
(door closes)
36:38.873 --> 36:39.841
What are you doing?
36:39.874 --> 36:41.544
It's a trade union.
36:41.577 --> 36:43.512
Filled with Communists.
36:43.546 --> 36:45.248
So? I haven't joined the Party.
36:45.281 --> 36:47.383
They won't let me
bring you onto the project
36:47.416 --> 36:49.118
because of this shit.
36:49.151 --> 36:50.919
They won't even let me
tell you what the project is.
36:50.952 --> 36:53.389
Oh. (scoffs)
I know what the project is.
36:53.422 --> 36:54.490
Oh, really?
36:54.523 --> 36:55.824
We've all heard about Einstein
36:55.857 --> 36:57.126
and Szilard's letter
to Roosevelt
36:57.159 --> 36:58.960
warning him the Germans
could make a bomb,
36:58.994 --> 37:01.863
and I know what it means
for the Nazis to have a bomb.
37:01.896 --> 37:03.266
Oh, and I don't?
37:03.299 --> 37:05.934
It's not your people
they're herding into camps.
37:07.035 --> 37:08.036
It's mine.
37:08.070 --> 37:11.207
You think that I tell them
about your politics.
37:12.308 --> 37:14.876
The next time you're
coming home from a meeting,
37:14.909 --> 37:16.945
why don't you take a look
in the rearview mirror?
37:16.978 --> 37:19.048
Listen to the sounds
on your phone line
37:19.081 --> 37:22.151
and stop being so goddamn naive.
37:23.452 --> 37:24.986
Why would they care what I do?
37:25.020 --> 37:26.988
(scoffs) Because you're
not just self-important,
37:27.022 --> 37:29.191
you're actually important.
37:30.426 --> 37:31.793
Okay.
37:32.428 --> 37:35.431
Okay. I get it.
37:35.464 --> 37:37.533
If you could
just be a little more...
37:37.566 --> 37:39.068
Pragmatic.
37:39.101 --> 37:40.202
I'll talk to Lomanitz,
I'll talk to the others,
37:40.236 --> 37:42.338
you don't have to worry.
It's done.
37:42.371 --> 37:44.140
Lawrence.
37:48.977 --> 37:50.979
Then welcome to the war.
37:51.012 --> 37:53.316
ROBERT: I filled out my first
security questionnaire
37:53.349 --> 37:54.617
and was informed
37:54.650 --> 37:56.452
that my involvement
with left-wing groups
37:56.485 --> 38:00.423
would not prove a bar to my
working on the atomic program.
38:00.456 --> 38:03.192
SENATOR PASTORE: Why were
his Communist associations
38:03.225 --> 38:06.329
not seen as a security risk
during the war?
38:06.362 --> 38:08.097
Senator, I can't possibly answer
38:08.130 --> 38:11.467
for security clearance granted
years before I ever met the man.
38:11.500 --> 38:13.502
Fine. What about after?
38:13.536 --> 38:15.471
After the war, Dr. Oppenheimer
38:15.504 --> 38:19.275
was the most respected
scientific voice in the world.
38:19.308 --> 38:21.344
That's why I asked him
to run the Institute,
38:21.377 --> 38:24.480
that's why he advised
the Atomic Energy Commission.
38:24.513 --> 38:25.581
Simple as that.
38:25.614 --> 38:28.217
What are they accusing me of?
38:28.250 --> 38:30.018
I think they just want
to know what happened
38:30.052 --> 38:32.555
between 1947 and 1954
to change your mind
38:32.588 --> 38:34.623
on Oppenheimer's
security clearance.
38:34.657 --> 38:37.393
I didn't.
I was chair of the AEC,
38:37.426 --> 38:40.995
but it wasn't me that brought
the charges against Robert.
38:41.029 --> 38:42.264
-Who did?
-Some former staff member
38:42.298 --> 38:44.233
of the Joint
Congressional Committee.
38:44.266 --> 38:47.336
He was a rabid anti-Communist
named Borden.
38:47.370 --> 38:49.672
He wrote to the FBI
demanding they take action.
38:49.705 --> 38:52.241
The FBI? Why not go
to the AEC, direct?
38:52.274 --> 38:54.976
Why get caught
holding the knife yourself?
38:55.009 --> 38:57.446
What did Borden have
against Oppenheimer?
38:57.480 --> 38:59.315
This was the McCarthy Era.
38:59.348 --> 39:04.253
People hounded out of jobs
for any hint of red. And then,
39:04.286 --> 39:05.954
reading Oppenheimer's
security file,
39:05.987 --> 39:08.157
his Communist brother,
sister-in-law,
39:08.190 --> 39:10.259
fiancée, best friend, wife.
39:10.292 --> 39:12.628
That's before we even
get to the Chevalier incident.
39:12.661 --> 39:16.399
But how would Borden have access
to Oppenheimer's security file?
39:16.432 --> 39:18.100
Because somebody gave it to him.
39:19.268 --> 39:21.936
Somebody who wanted
Robert silenced.
39:21.970 --> 39:23.572
-Who?
-Who knows?
39:23.606 --> 39:26.142
Robert didn't take care
not to upset
39:26.175 --> 39:28.411
the power brokers in Washington.
39:28.444 --> 39:31.313
His opinions on the atom
became definitive
39:31.347 --> 39:34.250
and he wasn't always patient
with us mere mortals.
39:34.283 --> 39:35.451
(chuckles softly)
39:37.653 --> 39:40.089
I came in for plenty
of harsh treatment.
39:40.122 --> 39:43.292
There was an AEC vote
39:43.325 --> 39:45.294
on the export of isotopes
to Norway,
39:45.327 --> 39:48.297
and they drafted in Robert
to make me look like a fool.
39:48.330 --> 39:50.031
CONGRESSMAN:
But, Dr. Oppenheimer,
39:50.065 --> 39:52.168
we've already heard
from Admiral Strauss that
39:52.201 --> 39:55.036
these isotopes could be
useful to our enemies
39:55.070 --> 39:56.372
in the production
of atomic weapons.
39:56.405 --> 39:58.274
ROBERT: Congressmen,
you could use a shovel
39:58.307 --> 39:59.742
-in making atomic weapons.
-(laughter)
39:59.775 --> 40:00.975
In fact, you do.
40:01.009 --> 40:02.545
You could use a bottle of beer
40:02.578 --> 40:03.978
in making atomic weapons.
40:04.012 --> 40:05.481
In fact, you do.
40:05.514 --> 40:08.451
I say isotopes are less useful
than electronic components
40:08.484 --> 40:11.253
but more useful than a sandwich.
40:11.287 --> 40:13.055
(all laughing)
40:14.490 --> 40:16.358
STRAUSS: Genius is
no guarantee of wisdom.
40:17.359 --> 40:20.129
How could this man
who saw so much be so blind?
40:21.096 --> 40:24.467
(baby crying)
40:29.638 --> 40:31.073
Kitty?
40:35.778 --> 40:37.713
Kitty?
40:37.746 --> 40:41.150
Kitty, the project...
40:42.117 --> 40:44.720
I'm in. I'm in.
40:44.753 --> 40:46.522
Let's celebrate. (sighs)
40:48.824 --> 40:50.759
(baby continues crying)
40:50.793 --> 40:52.127
(Kitty moans)
40:52.161 --> 40:53.762
Shouldn't you go to him?
40:53.796 --> 40:55.231
(uneasy music playing)
40:58.367 --> 41:01.537
I have been going to him
all fucking day.
41:10.679 --> 41:12.348
(baby crying)
41:16.552 --> 41:18.554
(shushing)
41:18.587 --> 41:20.021
(knock at door)
41:25.294 --> 41:27.028
BARBARA:
Come here, darling.
41:28.130 --> 41:29.698
I don't know how to say this.
41:29.732 --> 41:32.434
I'm... I'm ashamed to ask.
41:32.468 --> 41:34.403
CHEVALIER:
Anything.
41:34.436 --> 41:35.237
Take Peter.
41:35.271 --> 41:38.307
-Sure.
-No, for-for a while, Hoke.
41:38.340 --> 41:40.309
A while.
41:41.877 --> 41:43.679
Does Kitty know you're here?
41:43.712 --> 41:45.447
Yes, of course she knows.
41:46.315 --> 41:48.317
Of course she knows. (sighs)
41:48.350 --> 41:52.054
We're awful people.
Selfish, awful people.
41:53.556 --> 41:54.557
Forget I asked.
41:54.590 --> 41:56.425
Selfish, awful people,
41:56.458 --> 41:58.861
they don't know
they're selfish and awful.
41:58.894 --> 42:01.463
Sit, sit, sit.
42:02.498 --> 42:06.602
Robert, you see beyond
the world we live in.
42:08.304 --> 42:10.873
There is a price
to be paid for that.
42:10.906 --> 42:12.474
Of course we'll help you.
42:13.909 --> 42:16.312
(wistful music playing)
42:23.419 --> 42:25.588
KITTY:
Everything's changing, Robert.
42:25.621 --> 42:27.590
Having a child was always
going to change...
42:27.623 --> 42:31.727
No, the world, it's pivoting
in some new direction.
42:31.760 --> 42:34.163
It's reforming.
42:35.931 --> 42:37.633
This is your moment.
42:38.801 --> 42:40.469
We're putting together a group
to study feasibility...
42:40.502 --> 42:43.305
"We" shouldn't be
doing anything. You should.
42:44.206 --> 42:46.342
Lawrence won't get this done.
42:46.375 --> 42:48.510
Or Tolman or Rabi. You will.
42:51.747 --> 42:53.382
(indistinct chatter)
42:57.353 --> 42:59.488
ROBERT:
Who are the uniforms?
43:00.289 --> 43:02.191
I thought you might know.
43:03.225 --> 43:05.494
-(door opens)
-MAN: Dr. Oppenheimer.
43:05.527 --> 43:07.496
I'm Colonel Groves.
43:07.529 --> 43:09.765
This is Lieutenant
Colonel Nichols.
43:09.798 --> 43:11.300
Have that dry-cleaned.
43:14.870 --> 43:17.172
(door opens, closes)
43:17.206 --> 43:19.274
Well, if that's how you treat
Lieutenant Colonel,
43:19.308 --> 43:22.678
I'd hate to see how you treat
a humble physicist.
43:22.711 --> 43:24.780
Ah, if I ever meet one,
I'll let you know.
43:24.813 --> 43:26.315
(chuckles softly) Ouch.
43:26.348 --> 43:27.916
Theaters of combat
all over the world,
43:27.950 --> 43:29.885
but I have to stay
in Washington.
43:29.918 --> 43:32.621
-Why?
-I built the Pentagon.
43:32.655 --> 43:35.290
The brass likes it so much
they made me take over
43:35.324 --> 43:37.459
the Manhattan Engineer District.
43:37.493 --> 43:38.627
Which is?
43:38.661 --> 43:41.930
Oh, don't be a smart ass.
You know damn well what it is.
43:41.964 --> 43:43.666
You and half of every
physics department
43:43.699 --> 43:46.535
across the country.
That's problem number one.
43:46.568 --> 43:48.303
I thought problem
number one would be
43:48.337 --> 43:49.605
securing enough uranium ore.
43:49.638 --> 43:52.741
1,200 tons bought
the day I took charge.
43:52.775 --> 43:53.942
Processing?
43:53.976 --> 43:56.178
Just broke ground
at Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
43:56.979 --> 43:58.681
Now I'm looking
for a project director.
43:58.714 --> 44:00.816
And my name came up?
44:00.849 --> 44:01.917
Nope.
44:03.053 --> 44:05.287
Even though you brought
quantum physics to America.
44:05.320 --> 44:06.689
Which made me curious.
44:06.722 --> 44:08.590
What have you found out?
44:09.491 --> 44:11.994
You're a dilettante,
a womanizer,
44:12.027 --> 44:13.362
a suspected Communist...
44:13.395 --> 44:14.797
I'm a New Deal Democrat.
44:14.830 --> 44:16.432
I said "suspected."
44:16.465 --> 44:20.703
Unstable, theatrical,
egotistical, neurotic...
44:20.736 --> 44:21.770
Nothing good, no?
44:21.804 --> 44:23.472
Not even
"he's brilliant, but..."
44:23.505 --> 44:25.307
Well, brilliance is taken
for granted
44:25.340 --> 44:26.842
in your circle, so no.
44:26.875 --> 44:28.844
No, the only person who had
anything good to say
44:28.877 --> 44:30.612
was Richard Tolman.
44:30.646 --> 44:32.748
Tolman thinks
you have integrity,
44:32.781 --> 44:34.917
but he also strikes me as a guy
44:34.950 --> 44:37.319
who knows more about
science than people.
44:37.352 --> 44:41.323
Yet here you are.
You don't take much on trust.
44:41.356 --> 44:43.358
I don't take anything on trust.
44:46.929 --> 44:48.664
Why don't you
have a Nobel Prize?
44:48.697 --> 44:49.765
Why aren't you a general?
44:49.798 --> 44:50.966
They're making me one for this.
44:50.999 --> 44:52.367
Perhaps I'll have the same luck.
44:52.401 --> 44:54.002
A Nobel Prize for making a bomb?
44:54.036 --> 44:56.371
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite.
44:58.807 --> 45:00.442
So how would you proceed?
45:01.944 --> 45:04.646
You're talking
about turning theory
45:04.680 --> 45:06.849
into a practical weapons system
45:06.882 --> 45:08.016
faster than the Nazis.
45:08.051 --> 45:09.785
Who have a 12-month head start.
45:09.818 --> 45:10.953
Eighteen.
45:10.986 --> 45:12.354
How could you possibly
know that?
45:12.387 --> 45:14.423
Our fast neutron research
took six months.
45:14.456 --> 45:15.958
The man they've
undoubtedly put in charge
45:15.991 --> 45:17.392
will have made
that leap instantly.
45:17.426 --> 45:18.627
Who do you think
they put in charge?
45:18.660 --> 45:19.762
Werner Heisenberg.
45:19.795 --> 45:22.364
He has the most intuitive
understanding
45:22.397 --> 45:24.067
of atomic structure
I have ever seen.
45:24.100 --> 45:25.801
-You know his work?
-I know him.
45:25.834 --> 45:27.669
Just like I know Walther Bothe,
von Weizsäcker, Diebner.
45:27.703 --> 45:30.506
In a straight race,
the Germans win.
45:30.539 --> 45:33.275
-We've got one hope.
-Which is?
45:33.876 --> 45:35.511
Anti-Semitism.
45:36.645 --> 45:37.646
What?
45:37.679 --> 45:40.516
Hitler called quantum physics
"Jewish science."
45:40.549 --> 45:42.384
Said it right
to Einstein's face.
45:42.417 --> 45:45.654
Our one hope is that Hitler
is so... so blinded by hate
45:45.687 --> 45:47.489
that he's denied Heisenberg
proper resources,
45:47.523 --> 45:49.458
because it'll take
vast resources.
45:49.491 --> 45:51.026
Our nation's best scientists
working together.
45:51.060 --> 45:52.461
Right now, they're scattered.
45:52.494 --> 45:54.097
Which gives us
compartmentalization.
45:54.130 --> 45:55.998
All minds have
to see the whole task
45:56.031 --> 45:57.399
to contribute efficiently.
45:57.432 --> 45:59.668
Poor security
may cost us the race.
45:59.701 --> 46:01.537
Inefficiency will.
46:01.570 --> 46:03.405
The Germans know
more than us anyway.
46:03.438 --> 46:05.541
The Russians don't.
46:05.574 --> 46:09.511
Remind me,
who are we at war with?
46:09.545 --> 46:11.980
Somebody with your past
doesn't want to be seen
46:12.014 --> 46:13.615
downplaying the importance
46:13.649 --> 46:16.385
of security from
our Communist allies.
46:16.418 --> 46:19.088
Point taken. But, no.
46:19.122 --> 46:21.423
(scoffs) You don't get
to say "no" to me.
46:21.456 --> 46:23.725
It's my job to say "no" to you
when you're wrong.
46:23.759 --> 46:25.761
So you have the job now?
46:25.794 --> 46:27.863
Uh, I'm considering it.
46:30.566 --> 46:32.901
I'm starting to see
where you got your reputation.
46:34.103 --> 46:36.538
My favorite response,
46:36.572 --> 46:38.907
"Oppenheimer couldn't
run a hamburger stand."
46:38.941 --> 46:40.843
(chuckles)
46:40.876 --> 46:41.677
I couldn't.
46:43.712 --> 46:45.881
But I can run
the Manhattan Project.
46:46.748 --> 46:48.917
There's a way
to balance these things.
46:48.951 --> 46:53.156
Keep the Rad Lab here
at Berkeley under Lawrence.
46:53.189 --> 46:55.457
Met Lab in Chicago,
under Szilard.
46:55.490 --> 46:57.926
Large-scale refining,
where did you say? Tennessee.
46:57.960 --> 46:59.628
-And Hanford.
-And Hanford.
46:59.661 --> 47:03.732
All America's industrial might
and scientific innovation,
47:03.765 --> 47:05.134
connected by rail.
47:05.168 --> 47:06.835
Focused on one goal.
47:06.869 --> 47:09.571
One point in space and time.
And it comes together here.
47:09.605 --> 47:11.907
A secret laboratory.
In the middle of nowhere,
47:11.940 --> 47:13.408
secure, self-sufficient,
47:13.442 --> 47:14.810
equipment, housing, the works.
47:14.843 --> 47:17.012
Keep everyone there
until it's done.
47:17.046 --> 47:19.082
It'll need a school,
stores, a church.
47:19.115 --> 47:20.549
Why?
47:20.582 --> 47:21.884
ROBERT:
If we don't let scientists
47:21.917 --> 47:23.619
bring their families,
we'll never get the best.
47:23.652 --> 47:25.721
You want security,
build a town, build it fast.
47:25.754 --> 47:26.822
Where?
47:30.826 --> 47:32.794
Welcome to Los Alamos.
47:32.828 --> 47:35.631
Now, there's a boys school
we'll have to commandeer,
47:35.664 --> 47:37.633
and the local Indians come
up here for burial rites.
47:37.666 --> 47:40.903
But, apart from that, nothing.
Forty miles. Any direction.
47:40.936 --> 47:42.871
Enough to find the perfect spot.
47:42.905 --> 47:45.407
-For?
-Success.
47:46.875 --> 47:48.944
(gripping music playing)
47:50.679 --> 47:52.681
Build him a town. Fast.
47:53.715 --> 47:56.219
Let's go recruit
some scientists.
47:56.252 --> 47:58.587
Why would I leave my family?
47:58.620 --> 48:00.056
I told you,
you can bring your family.
48:00.089 --> 48:01.523
I'm not a soldier, Oppie.
48:01.556 --> 48:03.659
A soldier? He's a general.
48:03.692 --> 48:05.527
I've got all the soldier I need.
48:05.560 --> 48:07.130
What can I tell them?
48:07.163 --> 48:09.498
Heisenberg, Diebner,
Bothe and Bohr.
48:09.531 --> 48:10.832
What do these men
have in common?
48:10.866 --> 48:12.868
The greatest minds
on atomic theory.
48:12.901 --> 48:14.237
-Yes, and?
-Uh...
48:14.270 --> 48:17.539
As much as you like,
48:17.572 --> 48:19.708
until you feel my boot
on your balls.
48:19.741 --> 48:22.511
You know isotopes
and you know explosives
48:22.544 --> 48:23.845
better than anyone in the world.
48:23.879 --> 48:26.481
But you can't tell us
what you're doing?
48:26.515 --> 48:27.783
(Groves sighs)
48:29.551 --> 48:31.787
-I don't know.
-The Nazis have them.
48:31.820 --> 48:33.956
-Niels Bohr's in Copenhagen.
-Under Nazi occupation.
48:33.989 --> 48:35.857
Did they stop printing
newspapers in Princeton?
48:35.891 --> 48:38.227
Why would we go
to the middle of nowhere
48:38.261 --> 48:39.728
for who knows how long?
(chuckling)
48:39.761 --> 48:41.863
For a year or two. Or three.
48:42.864 --> 48:46.468
Uh, General, could you
give us a moment?
48:47.536 --> 48:50.605
It's about unleashing
the strong force...
48:51.740 --> 48:53.142
...before the Nazis do.
48:53.176 --> 48:55.111
Oh, my God.
48:55.144 --> 48:56.245
Niels won't work for the Nazis.
48:56.279 --> 48:57.579
No, never.
48:57.612 --> 48:59.915
But while they have him,
we don't.
48:59.948 --> 49:01.117
That's why I need you.
49:01.150 --> 49:03.119
Why would you think I'd do that?
49:03.152 --> 49:04.987
"Why?" "Why?"
49:05.020 --> 49:07.223
How about because this is the
most important fucking thing
49:07.256 --> 49:09.258
to ever happen
in the history of the world.
49:09.292 --> 49:10.726
How about that?
49:11.294 --> 49:12.728
Fuck.
49:16.165 --> 49:17.632
(door shuts)
49:17.666 --> 49:20.035
They are not gonna
let me onto this project.
49:20.069 --> 49:22.138
And failing a security check
is not gonna be good
49:22.171 --> 49:23.839
for a career,
even after the war.
49:23.872 --> 49:26.641
So you're a fellow traveler.
So what?
49:26.675 --> 49:28.043
This is a national emergency.
49:28.077 --> 49:31.247
I've got some skeletons,
they put me in charge.
49:31.280 --> 49:32.581
They need us.
49:32.614 --> 49:34.783
Until they don't.
49:37.853 --> 49:40.256
Is there any chance of getting
Bohr out of Denmark?
49:40.289 --> 49:43.292
Nah, no dice.
I checked with the British.
49:43.326 --> 49:45.627
Until we get Allied boots
back onto the continent,
49:45.660 --> 49:47.063
there's just no way.
49:48.597 --> 49:50.032
Is he that important?
49:50.066 --> 49:53.102
How many people do you know
who proved Einstein wrong?
49:54.170 --> 49:56.272
You know, it really would
be quicker to take a plane.
49:56.305 --> 49:58.040
No, plane's too risky.
49:58.074 --> 50:00.542
Country needs us.
50:02.911 --> 50:04.012
The Harvard guys,
50:04.047 --> 50:06.615
they say the building's
too small for the cyclotron.
50:08.850 --> 50:10.752
ROBERT: Get them together
with the architects.
50:13.955 --> 50:15.957
When's this place
supposed to open?
50:19.062 --> 50:19.861
Two months.
50:20.996 --> 50:23.266
Robert, you're
the great improviser,
50:23.299 --> 50:25.334
but this... (sighs)
50:25.368 --> 50:26.968
you can't do in your head.
50:28.003 --> 50:29.604
Four divisions.
50:30.739 --> 50:34.343
Experimental, Theoretical,
Metallurgical, Ordnance.
50:34.377 --> 50:35.344
Who's running Theoretical?
50:35.378 --> 50:36.778
ROBERT:
I am.
50:36.812 --> 50:38.013
RABI:
That's what I was afraid of.
50:38.047 --> 50:39.915
You're spread too thin.
50:41.117 --> 50:42.818
So you take Theoretical.
50:45.388 --> 50:48.623
I'm not coming here, Robert.
50:54.263 --> 50:55.931
Why not?
50:59.235 --> 51:00.602
(scoffs)
51:01.803 --> 51:05.874
You drop a bomb and it falls
on the just and the unjust.
51:05.907 --> 51:07.110
(sighs)
51:07.143 --> 51:09.778
I don't wish the culmination
of three centuries of physics
51:09.811 --> 51:12.215
to be a weapon
of mass destruction.
51:13.282 --> 51:15.617
(pensive music playing)
51:21.424 --> 51:22.757
ROBERT:
Izzy.
51:23.892 --> 51:28.029
I don't know if we can
be trusted with such a weapon.
51:29.398 --> 51:32.701
But I know the Nazis can't.
51:36.105 --> 51:38.907
We have no choice.
51:40.309 --> 51:41.743
Then...
51:43.079 --> 51:45.448
...the second thing
you'll have to do is appoint
51:45.481 --> 51:47.749
Hans Bethe to run
the Theoretical division.
51:47.782 --> 51:50.086
(rousing music playing)
51:50.119 --> 51:51.953
Wait, what was the first?
51:51.987 --> 51:54.457
Take off
that ridiculous uniform.
51:54.490 --> 51:55.690
You're a scientist.
51:55.724 --> 51:57.326
Groves is insisting we join.
51:57.360 --> 51:59.794
Tell Groves to go
shit in his hat.
51:59.828 --> 52:03.299
They need us for who we are.
So be yourself.
52:03.332 --> 52:05.301
Only better.
52:05.334 --> 52:07.936
(rousing music continues)
52:44.340 --> 52:46.375
This is the only key.
52:46.409 --> 52:47.842
And Teller's already here.
52:47.876 --> 52:49.744
-(sighs)
-Shall I just show him in?
52:49.778 --> 52:51.447
No, let's wait for the others.
52:51.480 --> 52:53.014
(door opens)
52:59.388 --> 53:00.389
Let's get started.
53:00.423 --> 53:02.491
Hello, Edward.
53:02.525 --> 53:04.227
Yes.
53:04.260 --> 53:05.961
Gentlemen, so, we will work here
53:05.994 --> 53:08.997
until the T-section
at Los Alamos is finished.
53:09.030 --> 53:11.334
-Edward, can I please...
-It is more important.
53:13.402 --> 53:15.371
When I calculated
the chain reaction,
53:15.404 --> 53:18.107
I found a rather
troubling possibility.
53:18.140 --> 53:20.243
BETHE:
No.
53:20.276 --> 53:21.510
But this can't be right.
53:21.544 --> 53:23.479
Show me how
you did your calculations.
53:23.512 --> 53:24.913
TELLER:
Yes.
53:28.417 --> 53:29.485
LAWRENCE:
It's exponential.
53:29.518 --> 53:31.987
BETHE:
No. No, no, no. No.
53:34.523 --> 53:36.525
This is fantasy.
53:36.559 --> 53:38.827
Teller's calculations
can't be right.
53:38.860 --> 53:41.530
Do them yourself
while I go to Princeton.
53:41.564 --> 53:43.399
-What for?
-To talk to Einstein.
53:43.432 --> 53:46.001
Well, there's not much
common ground between you two.
53:46.034 --> 53:49.071
That's why
I should get his view.
53:49.105 --> 53:50.805
(birds chirping)
53:52.508 --> 53:54.510
-Albert.
-Hmm?
53:54.543 --> 53:57.446
Ah. Dr. Oppenheimer. (chuckles)
53:57.480 --> 53:58.947
Well, have you met Dr. Gödel?
53:58.980 --> 54:00.549
We walk here most days.
54:00.583 --> 54:05.388
Trees are the most
inspiring structures.
54:05.421 --> 54:06.888
Albert, might I have a word?
54:06.921 --> 54:10.326
Of course. 'Scuse me, Kurt.
54:11.327 --> 54:14.263
You know, some days,
Kurt refuses to eat.
54:14.297 --> 54:15.897
Even in Princeton.
54:15.930 --> 54:19.034
He's convinced that the Nazis
can poison his food.
54:19.068 --> 54:20.336
Mm.
54:20.369 --> 54:22.204
Hmm? Huh.
54:24.073 --> 54:25.907
Wha...
54:25.940 --> 54:28.144
(suspenseful music playing)
54:30.446 --> 54:33.282
Whose... Whose work is this?
54:33.316 --> 54:34.350
Teller's.
54:35.484 --> 54:37.952
What do you take it to mean?
54:37.986 --> 54:39.921
Neutrons smash into nucleus,
54:39.954 --> 54:43.992
releasing neutrons
to smash into other nuclei.
54:44.025 --> 54:46.228
Criticality,
a point of no return,
54:46.262 --> 54:47.862
massive explosive force.
54:47.896 --> 54:50.232
But this time,
the chain reaction doesn't stop.
54:51.133 --> 54:54.103
It would ignite the atmosphere.
54:54.136 --> 54:55.137
(whooshing)
54:55.171 --> 54:57.139
When we detonate
an atomic device,
54:57.173 --> 54:59.342
we might start
a chain reaction that...
55:00.309 --> 55:01.843
...destroys the world.
55:03.011 --> 55:04.913
So here we are, hmm?
55:04.946 --> 55:09.251
Lost in your quantum world
of probabilities
55:09.285 --> 55:11.019
and needing certainty.
55:11.053 --> 55:13.922
Can you run
the calculations yourself?
55:13.955 --> 55:15.358
(chuckles) About the only thing
55:15.391 --> 55:18.661
you and I have in common
is a disdain for mathematics.
55:18.694 --> 55:21.263
Who's working on this
in-in Berkeley?
55:21.297 --> 55:22.598
Hans Bethe.
55:22.631 --> 55:24.467
Well, he'll get to the truth.
55:26.102 --> 55:28.970
And if the truth
is catastrophic?
55:29.003 --> 55:30.306
Then you stop.
55:30.339 --> 55:34.076
And you share your findings
with the Nazis.
55:34.110 --> 55:37.246
So neither side
destroys the world.
55:40.449 --> 55:41.484
Robert.
55:42.951 --> 55:46.155
This is yours, not mine.
55:59.033 --> 56:00.436
BETHE:
Teller's wrong.
56:00.469 --> 56:01.670
-He's wrong.
-(shushing)
56:01.704 --> 56:03.938
(keys jingling)
56:11.347 --> 56:14.049
BETHE: When you know
Teller's critical assumptions,
56:14.083 --> 56:15.418
the real picture emerges.
56:15.451 --> 56:17.253
Bottom line?
56:17.286 --> 56:19.388
The chances of an uncontrolled
nuclear reaction
56:19.422 --> 56:20.423
are near zero.
56:20.456 --> 56:23.092
Near zero. (breathes heavily)
56:23.125 --> 56:25.394
-Oppie, this is good news.
-Mm.
56:26.729 --> 56:27.962
Can you run them again?
56:27.996 --> 56:29.732
No, you'll get the same answer.
56:29.765 --> 56:31.333
Till they actually detonate
one of these things,
56:31.367 --> 56:34.203
the best assurance
you're going to get is this.
56:34.236 --> 56:35.304
Near zero.
56:37.506 --> 56:40.176
(exhales sharply) Theory
will take you only so far.
56:40.209 --> 56:41.710
-BETHE: Mm.
-CHEVALIER: Hello!
56:41.744 --> 56:43.045
-BARBARA: Hello, you.
-KITTY: Hi.
56:43.078 --> 56:44.413
BARBARA:
We missed him.
56:44.447 --> 56:45.581
You want to adopt?
56:45.614 --> 56:47.015
-She's kidding.
-(Kitty chuckles)
56:47.049 --> 56:48.983
We wanted to see you
before we left.
56:49.017 --> 56:52.188
-For parts unknown.
-(chuckles)
56:52.221 --> 56:54.757
CHEVALIER: You know who
I ran into the other day?
56:54.790 --> 56:56.425
Eltenton.
56:56.459 --> 56:57.726
ROBERT:
Oh.
56:57.760 --> 56:59.462
The chemist from Shell?
The union guy?
56:59.495 --> 57:03.365
CHEVALIER: Yeah. He...
The, uh, F.A.E.C.T. guy.
57:03.399 --> 57:06.769
He was moaning about
how we're handling the war.
57:06.802 --> 57:09.003
ROBERT:
How so?
57:09.037 --> 57:11.774
Lack of cooperation
with our allies.
57:11.807 --> 57:14.143
Apparently
our government's not sharing
57:14.176 --> 57:16.278
any research with the Russians.
57:16.312 --> 57:17.279
Well, he said,
57:17.313 --> 57:20.049
"Most scientists think
the policy is stupid."
57:20.082 --> 57:23.352
(suspenseful music playing)
57:23.385 --> 57:25.221
-ROBERT: Oh, yeah?
-CHEVALIER: Yeah.
57:25.254 --> 57:27.623
He mentioned that if anyone
57:27.656 --> 57:30.626
had anything
they wanted to pass on,
57:30.659 --> 57:32.495
uh, going around
official channels,
57:32.528 --> 57:34.463
that he could help.
57:43.105 --> 57:44.773
That would be treason.
57:44.807 --> 57:47.643
Yes, of course.
57:47.676 --> 57:49.478
I just thought you should know.
57:52.615 --> 57:54.083
The brat is down.
57:54.116 --> 57:55.484
Where are the martinis?
58:00.689 --> 58:02.191
Coming right up.
58:02.224 --> 58:03.692
Conversation ended there.
58:03.726 --> 58:05.828
Nothing in our
long-standing friendship
58:05.861 --> 58:07.429
would have led me to believe
58:07.463 --> 58:10.199
that Chevalier was actually
seeking information,
58:10.232 --> 58:12.701
and I am certain
that he had no idea
58:12.735 --> 58:15.036
of the work in which
I was engaged.
58:19.575 --> 58:21.544
It has long been clear to me
58:21.577 --> 58:24.280
that I should have reported
this incident at once.
58:24.313 --> 58:25.814
SENATOR McGEE:
The Oppenheimer situation
58:25.848 --> 58:28.751
highlights the tension
between scientists
58:28.784 --> 58:30.386
and the security apparatus.
58:30.419 --> 58:32.288
In hopes of learning
how the nominee handled
58:32.321 --> 58:34.657
such issues during
his time at the AEC,
58:34.690 --> 58:38.193
we'll have a scientist
appearing before the committee.
58:38.861 --> 58:40.429
Who are they bringing in?
58:40.462 --> 58:41.430
They hadn't said.
58:41.463 --> 58:42.831
STRAUSS:
Mr. Chairman, if I may,
58:42.865 --> 58:45.401
I'm nominated
for Commerce Secretary.
58:45.434 --> 58:47.736
Why seek the opinion
of scientists?
58:47.770 --> 58:50.105
This is a Cabinet post, Admiral.
58:50.139 --> 58:52.308
We seek a wide range of opinion.
58:52.341 --> 58:55.144
Well, I'd like to know the name
of the scientist testifying.
58:55.177 --> 58:56.679
I'd like the chance
to cross-examine.
58:56.712 --> 58:58.847
This is not a court.
58:58.881 --> 59:01.283
STRAUSS:
(grunts) Formality, huh?
59:01.317 --> 59:02.585
SENATE AIDE:
No presidential Cabinet nominee
59:02.618 --> 59:05.187
has failed to be confirmed
since 1925.
59:05.220 --> 59:07.323
This is just how
the game is played.
59:07.356 --> 59:08.657
It's in the bag, Lewis.
59:08.691 --> 59:09.892
So play nice.
59:09.925 --> 59:12.194
They bring in a scientist,
so what?
59:12.227 --> 59:14.229
You don't know scientists
like I do, Counselor.
59:14.263 --> 59:16.298
They resent anyone
who questions their judgment,
59:16.332 --> 59:18.334
especially if you're
not one of them.
59:18.367 --> 59:19.668
I was chair of the AEC.
59:19.702 --> 59:22.137
I'm easy to blame
for what happened to Robert.
59:22.171 --> 59:23.472
We can't have
the Senate thinking
59:23.505 --> 59:26.609
the scientific community
doesn't support you, sir.
59:26.642 --> 59:28.477
Or should we pivot?
59:28.510 --> 59:30.479
-SENATE AIDE: To what?
-And embrace it.
59:30.512 --> 59:33.282
"I fought Oppenheimer,
and the US won."
59:33.315 --> 59:34.883
I-I don't think
we need to go there.
59:34.917 --> 59:37.186
Isn't there someone we can call
who knows what really happened?
59:37.219 --> 59:38.654
-Teller.
-He'll make an impression.
59:38.687 --> 59:40.756
Can you get the name of
the scientist they've called?
59:40.789 --> 59:42.358
-Probably.
-Find out if he was
59:42.391 --> 59:44.760
based in Chicago
or Los Alamos during the war.
59:44.793 --> 59:46.161
Why does that matter?
59:46.195 --> 59:47.396
Well, if he was
based in Chicago,
59:47.429 --> 59:48.831
then he worked
under Szilard and Fermi,
59:48.864 --> 59:51.166
not the cult of Oppie
at Los Alamos.
59:51.200 --> 59:52.434
Robert built that damn place.
59:52.468 --> 59:55.237
He was founder, mayor, sheriff,
59:55.270 --> 59:56.672
all rolled into one.
59:56.705 --> 59:59.141
(gripping music playing)
01:00:04.947 --> 01:00:07.683
(baby crying)
01:00:09.618 --> 01:00:11.420
All it needs is a saloon.
01:00:36.378 --> 01:00:38.781
(mutters indistinctly)
01:00:39.848 --> 01:00:42.418
There's no kitchen.
01:00:42.451 --> 01:00:46.388
Really? We'll fix that.
01:00:46.422 --> 01:00:48.657
(gripping music continues)
01:00:52.294 --> 01:00:55.698
BETHE:
Barbed wire, guns.
01:00:55.731 --> 01:00:56.832
Oppie.
01:00:56.865 --> 01:00:58.500
ROBERT:
We're at war, Hans.
01:01:00.903 --> 01:01:03.472
Halifax. 1917.
01:01:03.505 --> 01:01:06.475
A cargo ship carrying munitions
explodes in the harbor.
01:01:06.508 --> 01:01:08.844
(explosions)
01:01:08.877 --> 01:01:11.814
A vast and sudden
chemical reaction.
01:01:11.847 --> 01:01:13.716
(violent whooshing)
01:01:15.484 --> 01:01:18.320
The biggest man-made
explosion in history.
01:01:18.353 --> 01:01:20.322
Now let's calculate
how much more destructive
01:01:20.355 --> 01:01:23.025
it would have been
if it were a nuclear
01:01:23.059 --> 01:01:24.727
and not a chemical reaction.
01:01:24.760 --> 01:01:28.397
Expressing power in terms
of tons of TNT.
01:01:28.430 --> 01:01:29.932
But it will be thousands.
01:01:29.965 --> 01:01:33.402
Well, then kilotons.
01:01:36.972 --> 01:01:40.342
Using U-235,
01:01:40.375 --> 01:01:42.945
-the bomb will need a...
-Uh-uh.
01:01:42.978 --> 01:01:46.049
Sorry. Gadget will need
a 33-pound sphere
01:01:46.082 --> 01:01:47.549
about this size.
01:01:47.583 --> 01:01:51.386
Or using plutonium,
the ten-pound sphere.
01:01:52.788 --> 01:01:54.022
Here's the amount of uranium
01:01:54.057 --> 01:01:57.392
Oak Ridge refined
all of last month.
01:01:59.795 --> 01:02:03.799
And the Hanford plant
made this much plutonium.
01:02:04.933 --> 01:02:08.036
Now, if we can enrich
these amounts,
01:02:08.071 --> 01:02:10.873
-we need a way to detonate them.
-(paper tearing)
01:02:10.906 --> 01:02:13.008
Are we boring you, Edward?
01:02:13.041 --> 01:02:14.643
TELLER:
A little bit, yes.
01:02:14.676 --> 01:02:15.911
May I ask why?
01:02:15.944 --> 01:02:17.379
TELLER:
We all entered this room
01:02:17.412 --> 01:02:19.348
knowing a fission bomb
was possible.
01:02:19.381 --> 01:02:21.984
How 'bout we leave it
with something new?
01:02:22.017 --> 01:02:23.018
Such as?
01:02:23.052 --> 01:02:25.788
Instead of uranium or plutonium,
01:02:25.821 --> 01:02:26.822
we use hydrogen.
01:02:26.855 --> 01:02:28.357
(others murmur and laugh)
01:02:28.390 --> 01:02:29.992
-TELLER: Heavy hydrogen.
-FEYNMAN: Hydrogen.
01:02:30.025 --> 01:02:32.795
Deuterium. You see?
01:02:32.828 --> 01:02:34.530
We compact the atoms together
01:02:34.563 --> 01:02:37.633
under great pressure
to induce a fusion reaction.
01:02:38.567 --> 01:02:41.403
Then we'll get not kilotons,
01:02:41.436 --> 01:02:42.504
but megatons.
01:02:42.538 --> 01:02:43.472
FEYNMAN:
A big fission reaction...
01:02:43.505 --> 01:02:45.074
Okay, hang on, hang on.
01:02:45.108 --> 01:02:49.812
So how do you generate enough
force to fuse hydrogen atoms?
01:02:49.845 --> 01:02:51.914
A small fission bomb.
01:02:51.947 --> 01:02:53.649
FEYNMAN:
There we are.
01:02:53.682 --> 01:02:55.551
-(laughter)
-(scattered applause)
01:02:55.584 --> 01:02:57.386
Well, since we're going
to need one anyway,
01:02:57.419 --> 01:02:59.388
can we get back
to the business at hand?
01:02:59.421 --> 01:03:00.756
SENATOR BARTLETT:
The isotopes issue
01:03:00.789 --> 01:03:04.426
wasn't your most important
policy disagreement
01:03:04.459 --> 01:03:06.095
with Dr. Oppenheimer.
01:03:06.129 --> 01:03:08.530
It was the hydrogen bomb,
wasn't it?
01:03:08.564 --> 01:03:11.433
Uh, as colleagues,
we agreed to disagree
01:03:11.466 --> 01:03:13.468
on a great many things, uh,
01:03:13.502 --> 01:03:14.736
and, well, one of them
01:03:14.770 --> 01:03:17.840
was the need
for an H-bomb program, yes.
01:03:17.873 --> 01:03:20.843
-(siren wailing)
-(uneasy music playing)
01:03:30.686 --> 01:03:33.455
Thanks for convening
on short notice.
01:03:33.488 --> 01:03:34.957
I can't believe it.
01:03:35.958 --> 01:03:37.492
Well, here we are.
01:03:37.526 --> 01:03:39.528
Catch me up. What do we know?
01:03:39.561 --> 01:03:42.065
One of our B-29s
over the North Pacific
01:03:42.098 --> 01:03:43.599
has detected radiation.
01:03:43.632 --> 01:03:45.400
Do we have the filter papers?
01:03:45.434 --> 01:03:47.436
There's no doubt what this is.
01:03:47.469 --> 01:03:48.670
White House says
there's a doubt.
01:03:48.704 --> 01:03:50.139
Wishful thinking, I'm afraid.
01:03:50.173 --> 01:03:52.875
Are those the long-range
detection filter papers?
01:03:53.809 --> 01:03:55.878
It's an atomic test.
01:03:58.513 --> 01:03:59.915
The Russians have a bomb.
01:03:59.948 --> 01:04:03.685
We're supposed to be years
ahead of them, but some...
01:04:03.719 --> 01:04:06.021
What were you guys
doing at Los Alamos?
01:04:06.055 --> 01:04:07.190
Wasn't security tight?
01:04:07.223 --> 01:04:08.724
Of course it was.
You weren't there.
01:04:08.757 --> 01:04:11.160
-It was...
-NICHOLS: Forgive me, Doctor...
01:04:11.194 --> 01:04:13.629
but I was there.
01:04:14.696 --> 01:04:16.031
SERBER:
We can now consider
01:04:16.065 --> 01:04:18.000
the actual mechanics
of detonation.
01:04:18.033 --> 01:04:19.168
ROBERT:
Any ideas?
01:04:19.202 --> 01:04:20.936
SERBER:
I call this "shooting."
01:04:20.969 --> 01:04:24.506
We fire a chunk of fissionable
material into a larger sphere
01:04:24.539 --> 01:04:27.042
with enough force
to achieve criticality.
01:04:27.076 --> 01:04:28.744
What do we think? Anyone?
01:04:28.777 --> 01:04:30.579
TOLMAN: I've been
thinking about implosion.
01:04:30.612 --> 01:04:32.581
Explosives around the sphere
blast inwards,
01:04:32.614 --> 01:04:34.650
-crushing the material.
-(blasting)
01:04:34.683 --> 01:04:36.618
I'd like to investigate
that idea.
01:04:36.652 --> 01:04:38.954
I'll talk to Ordnance,
get you blowing things up.
01:04:39.955 --> 01:04:41.057
GROVES:
Progress?
01:04:41.090 --> 01:04:42.925
Nice to see you too.
01:04:42.958 --> 01:04:44.726
Meet the British contingent.
01:04:44.760 --> 01:04:46.595
Dr. Oppenheimer, Klaus Fuchs.
01:04:46.628 --> 01:04:48.497
How long have you been British?
01:04:48.530 --> 01:04:49.731
Since Hitler told me
I wasn't German.
01:04:49.765 --> 01:04:53.568
Uh-huh.
Come, welcome to Los Alamos.
01:04:53.602 --> 01:04:55.470
School's up and running.
01:04:55.504 --> 01:04:57.806
Bar. Always running.
01:04:57.839 --> 01:05:00.842
And I thought of a way
to reduce support staff.
01:05:01.810 --> 01:05:03.812
-Is that...
-ROBERT: Mrs. Serber, yes.
01:05:03.845 --> 01:05:05.248
I've offered jobs
to all the wives.
01:05:05.281 --> 01:05:06.748
Admin, librarians, computation.
01:05:06.782 --> 01:05:09.085
We cut down on staff,
keep families together.
01:05:09.118 --> 01:05:11.687
-Are these women qualified?
-ROBERT: Don't be absurd.
01:05:11.720 --> 01:05:14.090
These are some of the brightest
minds in our community.
01:05:14.123 --> 01:05:15.691
And they're already
security cleared.
01:05:15.724 --> 01:05:17.592
I've informed General Groves
you've been holding
01:05:17.626 --> 01:05:19.095
cross-divisional
open discussions
01:05:19.128 --> 01:05:20.829
-on a nightly basis.
-Shut them down.
01:05:20.862 --> 01:05:23.199
Compartmentalization is the
key to maintaining security...
01:05:23.232 --> 01:05:24.733
CONDON:
It's only the top men.
01:05:24.766 --> 01:05:26.601
Who presumably communicate
with subordinates.
01:05:26.635 --> 01:05:27.836
These men aren't stupid.
01:05:27.869 --> 01:05:29.705
-They can be discreet.
-I don't like it.
01:05:29.738 --> 01:05:32.641
You don't like anything enough
for that to be a fair test.
01:05:38.181 --> 01:05:40.716
Once a week. Top men only.
01:05:40.749 --> 01:05:42.118
I'd like to bring
my brother here.
01:05:42.151 --> 01:05:43.618
No.
01:05:44.253 --> 01:05:46.021
Uh, Nichols...
01:05:47.156 --> 01:05:49.092
I still haven't heard
that my security clearance
01:05:49.125 --> 01:05:50.692
-has been approved.
-It hasn't.
01:05:50.726 --> 01:05:52.095
We're going to Chicago tomorrow.
01:05:52.128 --> 01:05:53.162
No, you should wait.
01:05:54.364 --> 01:05:55.465
You are aware that the Nazis
have a two-year head start.
01:05:55.497 --> 01:05:58.567
Dr. Oppenheimer, the fact
that your security clearance
01:05:58.600 --> 01:06:00.602
is proving difficult to obtain
is not my fault.
01:06:00.635 --> 01:06:01.903
It's yours.
01:06:01.937 --> 01:06:03.872
May not be your fault,
but it's your problem.
01:06:03.905 --> 01:06:04.906
Because I'm going.
01:06:04.940 --> 01:06:08.710
STRAUSS: And how many people
were in these, uh,
01:06:08.744 --> 01:06:10.946
-open discussions?
-NICHOLS: Too many.
01:06:10.979 --> 01:06:12.315
Compartmentalization was
supposed to be the protocol.
01:06:12.348 --> 01:06:14.283
We were in a race
against the Nazis.
01:06:14.317 --> 01:06:16.752
And now the race
is against the Soviets.
01:06:16.785 --> 01:06:18.287
-Not unless we start it.
-STRAUSS: Robert.
01:06:18.321 --> 01:06:21.723
They just fired a starting gun.
01:06:21.757 --> 01:06:23.725
What's the nature
of the device they detonated?
01:06:23.759 --> 01:06:25.294
ROBERT: The data indicates
it may have been
01:06:25.328 --> 01:06:27.629
a plutonium implosion device.
01:06:27.662 --> 01:06:30.766
Like the one you built
at Los Alamos.
01:06:30.799 --> 01:06:32.634
The Russians have a bomb,
01:06:32.667 --> 01:06:33.935
Truman needs to know
what's next.
01:06:33.969 --> 01:06:35.771
What's next? Arms talks.
01:06:35.804 --> 01:06:37.672
-Arms talks.
-Obviously.
01:06:38.607 --> 01:06:39.808
What about the Super?
01:06:39.841 --> 01:06:41.576
Does Truman even know about it?
01:06:41.610 --> 01:06:43.612
Did we brief him on that?
01:06:43.645 --> 01:06:44.713
Not specifically.
01:06:44.746 --> 01:06:46.049
ROBERT:
We still don't know
01:06:46.082 --> 01:06:47.849
if a hydrogen bomb's
technically feasible.
01:06:47.883 --> 01:06:49.785
Right, my understanding
is that Teller proposed it?
01:06:49.818 --> 01:06:51.653
-ROBERT: Yes.
-At Los Alamos?
01:06:51.686 --> 01:06:53.322
Teller's designs have always
been wildly impractical.
01:06:53.356 --> 01:06:55.690
You'd have to deliver
by ox cart.
01:06:55.724 --> 01:06:56.992
-Not airplane.
-LAWRENCE: Oppie.
01:06:57.025 --> 01:07:00.729
I'm sorry, Dr. Lawrence,
you want to comment?
01:07:01.963 --> 01:07:03.066
No.
01:07:04.933 --> 01:07:07.203
Because if it can
put us ahead again,
01:07:07.236 --> 01:07:10.273
the President
of the United States
01:07:10.306 --> 01:07:12.308
needs to know about it.
01:07:12.341 --> 01:07:13.809
(scoffs)
01:07:13.842 --> 01:07:15.644
And if the Russians
know about it already,
01:07:15.677 --> 01:07:18.680
from a spy at Los Alamos,
01:07:18.713 --> 01:07:20.015
then we've gotta get going.
01:07:20.049 --> 01:07:23.018
There's no proof there was
a spy at Los Alamos.
01:07:23.052 --> 01:07:24.120
Robert.
01:07:25.121 --> 01:07:27.123
(dramatic music playing)
01:07:28.957 --> 01:07:30.725
They put it under
the football stadium?
01:07:30.759 --> 01:07:32.694
The field's not in use anymore.
01:07:32.727 --> 01:07:34.963
Just as well.
01:07:36.265 --> 01:07:38.700
-FERMI: Oppie.
-Dr. Fermi.
01:07:38.733 --> 01:07:41.370
(greets in Italian)
01:07:41.404 --> 01:07:42.737
I hear you got a little town.
01:07:42.771 --> 01:07:44.005
Yes. Come and see.
01:07:44.039 --> 01:07:45.707
(Szilard scoffs)
01:07:45.740 --> 01:07:49.845
Who could think straight
in a place like that? Huh?
01:07:49.878 --> 01:07:51.813
Everybody will go crazy.
01:07:51.847 --> 01:07:55.717
Thank you for the vote
of confidence, Szilard.
01:07:55.750 --> 01:07:59.388
Do we really... do we really
need that in the notes?
01:07:59.422 --> 01:08:01.857
When are you going
to try it out?
01:08:01.890 --> 01:08:02.924
We did.
01:08:02.958 --> 01:08:07.330
The first self-sustaining
nuclear chain reaction.
01:08:07.363 --> 01:08:08.997
Didn't Groves tell you?
01:08:09.030 --> 01:08:10.665
No.
01:08:10.699 --> 01:08:12.667
(crackling)
01:08:12.701 --> 01:08:15.138
(Robert exhales)
01:08:15.171 --> 01:08:18.274
GUARD: One at a time, please,
one at a time.
01:08:18.307 --> 01:08:19.774
Dr. Oppenheimer?
01:08:20.876 --> 01:08:23.346
I tried Personnel.
They asked if I could type.
01:08:23.379 --> 01:08:24.679
Can you?
01:08:24.713 --> 01:08:25.847
Harvard forgot to teach that
01:08:25.881 --> 01:08:27.716
on the graduate
chemistry course.
01:08:29.085 --> 01:08:31.987
Condon, put Mrs. Hornig here
on the plutonium team.
01:08:33.356 --> 01:08:35.724
(door slams)
01:08:37.759 --> 01:08:39.428
What the hell
were you doing in Chicago?
01:08:39.462 --> 01:08:40.929
Visiting the Met?
01:08:40.962 --> 01:08:41.963
-Why? Why?
-Well, you can't talk to...
01:08:41.997 --> 01:08:44.032
Because we have every right...
01:08:44.066 --> 01:08:46.402
You have just the rights
that I give you.
01:08:46.435 --> 01:08:47.903
No more, no less.
01:08:47.936 --> 01:08:50.373
We are adults
trying to run a project here.
01:08:50.406 --> 01:08:52.108
This is ridiculous.
01:08:52.141 --> 01:08:53.909
Tell him.
01:08:53.942 --> 01:08:57.079
Compartmentalization
is the protocol we agreed to.
01:08:58.214 --> 01:08:59.448
Enough of this madhouse.
01:08:59.482 --> 01:09:01.850
Nobody can work
under these conditions.
01:09:01.883 --> 01:09:06.322
You know what, Generalissimo?
I quit.
01:09:06.355 --> 01:09:07.756
Thanks for nothing.
01:09:09.858 --> 01:09:11.360
GROVES:
Better off without him.
01:09:11.394 --> 01:09:12.761
(door slams shut)
01:09:12.794 --> 01:09:13.828
Aren't you more concerned
01:09:13.862 --> 01:09:16.232
about his discretion out there?
01:09:16.265 --> 01:09:18.668
We'll have him killed.
01:09:19.502 --> 01:09:22.071
I was just kidding. (chuckles)
01:09:22.104 --> 01:09:25.040
-No, he hates me, not America.
-You know, General,
01:09:25.074 --> 01:09:27.410
not everyone has levers
to pull like mine.
01:09:27.443 --> 01:09:29.278
I don't think I understand.
01:09:29.312 --> 01:09:31.480
You didn't hire me
despite my left-wing past.
01:09:31.514 --> 01:09:33.249
You hired me because of it.
01:09:34.250 --> 01:09:36.219
So you could control me.
01:09:36.252 --> 01:09:38.853
Well, I'm not that subtle.
01:09:38.887 --> 01:09:40.922
I'm just a humble soldier.
01:09:40.956 --> 01:09:42.458
You're neither humble
nor just a soldier.
01:09:42.491 --> 01:09:43.492
You studied engineering at MIT.
01:09:43.526 --> 01:09:45.361
Guilty as charged.
01:09:45.394 --> 01:09:46.895
Well, now we understand
each other,
01:09:46.928 --> 01:09:48.364
perhaps you can get me
my security clearance
01:09:48.397 --> 01:09:51.200
so I can perform
this miracle for you.
01:09:56.105 --> 01:09:57.839
LLOYD GARRISON:
General Groves, were you aware
01:09:57.872 --> 01:10:00.176
of Dr. Oppenheimer's
left-wing associations
01:10:00.209 --> 01:10:01.876
when you appointed him?
01:10:01.910 --> 01:10:03.546
GROVES: I was aware that there
were suspicions about him.
01:10:03.579 --> 01:10:05.448
I was aware he had
a very extreme
01:10:05.481 --> 01:10:06.848
liberal background.
01:10:06.881 --> 01:10:08.484
In your opinion,
would he ever consciously
01:10:08.517 --> 01:10:09.818
commit a disloyal act?
01:10:09.851 --> 01:10:11.454
I would be amazed if he did.
01:10:11.487 --> 01:10:14.557
GARRISON: So you had complete
confidence in his integrity.
01:10:14.590 --> 01:10:15.991
At Los Alamos, yes,
01:10:16.024 --> 01:10:17.360
which is where
I really knew him.
01:10:17.393 --> 01:10:19.362
General,
did your security officers
01:10:19.395 --> 01:10:20.862
on the project advise you
01:10:20.895 --> 01:10:22.365
against the clearance
of Dr. Oppenheimer?
01:10:22.398 --> 01:10:26.202
They could not and would not
clear him until I insisted.
01:10:26.235 --> 01:10:28.870
And it's safe to say that you
had a pretty good knowledge
01:10:28.903 --> 01:10:30.139
of Dr. Oppenheimer's
security file.
01:10:30.172 --> 01:10:31.840
GROVES:
I did.
01:10:31.873 --> 01:10:33.041
Well, then there's only
really one question
01:10:33.075 --> 01:10:34.543
I need answered here today.
01:10:34.577 --> 01:10:36.279
In light of
the current AEC guidelines,
01:10:36.312 --> 01:10:39.014
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
01:10:39.048 --> 01:10:41.117
Do you have the guidelines?
01:10:48.190 --> 01:10:50.859
ROBB:
Under current AEC guidelines,
01:10:50.892 --> 01:10:52.927
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
01:10:52.961 --> 01:10:56.198
-(birds chirping)
-(rooster crowing)
01:11:05.141 --> 01:11:08.943
Physics and New Mexico, huh?
(chuckles)
01:11:08.977 --> 01:11:12.013
My God. What a trek.
01:11:12.048 --> 01:11:13.516
That's why you need a liaison.
01:11:13.549 --> 01:11:15.084
I'm appointing Lomanitz.
01:11:16.252 --> 01:11:17.320
You're gonna be okay.
01:11:17.353 --> 01:11:18.521
This way, gentlemen.
01:11:18.554 --> 01:11:20.356
(stirring music playing)
01:11:20.389 --> 01:11:22.891
(speaking indistinctly)
01:11:28.497 --> 01:11:30.333
-Dr. Lawrence.
-Leslie.
01:11:30.366 --> 01:11:32.934
I'd like to remind you what
we talked about in Berkeley.
01:11:32.967 --> 01:11:35.304
Compartmentalization.
I understand completely.
01:11:38.474 --> 01:11:39.475
LOMANITZ:
Okay.
01:11:39.508 --> 01:11:40.609
(indistinct chatter)
01:11:40.643 --> 01:11:42.078
Thank you.
01:11:46.515 --> 01:11:48.983
(cheering and applauding)
01:11:49.984 --> 01:11:51.220
LAWRENCE:
Greetings from Berkeley.
01:11:51.253 --> 01:11:53.389
I am here to update you
on our progress
01:11:53.422 --> 01:11:54.956
and solicit your input.
01:11:54.989 --> 01:11:56.359
To do so,
I am going to have to share
01:11:56.392 --> 01:12:00.062
a few things that
General Groves told me not to.
01:12:00.096 --> 01:12:01.896
Sorry, General,
I said I understood,
01:12:01.930 --> 01:12:02.997
not that I agreed.
01:12:03.031 --> 01:12:04.567
-(laughter)
-'Kay.
01:12:04.600 --> 01:12:06.635
Gentlemen, to business.
01:12:06.669 --> 01:12:09.037
There were rumors of espionage
at Los Alamos.
01:12:09.071 --> 01:12:10.539
ROBERT: Unsubstantiated.
Unsubstantiated.
01:12:10.573 --> 01:12:12.040
STRAUSS:
I'm told
01:12:12.074 --> 01:12:13.376
that there were Communists
on the project.
01:12:13.409 --> 01:12:15.177
We didn't knowingly
employ any Communists.
01:12:15.211 --> 01:12:16.978
I just want to know,
were any of them involved
01:12:17.011 --> 01:12:18.481
in discussions of the Super?
01:12:18.514 --> 01:12:20.683
I seem to remember you demanding
your brother come to Los Alamos.
01:12:20.716 --> 01:12:22.984
My brother had left
the Party by then.
01:12:23.017 --> 01:12:24.253
What about Lomanitz?
01:12:24.286 --> 01:12:26.020
Lomanitz was never
employed at Los Alamos.
01:12:26.055 --> 01:12:27.056
He was a liaison.
01:12:27.089 --> 01:12:28.257
Our security was tight,
01:12:28.290 --> 01:12:29.658
as former Colonel Nichols
well knows.
01:12:29.692 --> 01:12:31.260
Our security was as tight
as it could be
01:12:31.293 --> 01:12:32.661
given the personalities
involved,
01:12:32.695 --> 01:12:34.530
but attempts were made.
01:12:34.563 --> 01:12:35.564
What is that supposed to mean?
01:12:35.598 --> 01:12:37.166
We've all read his file here.
01:12:38.200 --> 01:12:40.202
Do we need to talk
about Jean Tatlock?
01:12:40.736 --> 01:12:42.904
Or the Chevalier incident?
01:12:47.510 --> 01:12:48.910
'Scuse me.
01:12:50.746 --> 01:12:52.181
(telephone ringing)
01:12:52.214 --> 01:12:54.183
CHARLOTTE:
That's Lomanitz, line one.
01:13:00.055 --> 01:13:01.090
Hello, Rossi.
01:13:01.123 --> 01:13:04.326
What? O-Okay, just calm down.
01:13:05.294 --> 01:13:08.531
There's been another screw-up.
Lomanitz just got drafted.
01:13:08.564 --> 01:13:11.032
-We are at war, Doctor.
-Don't be an asshole, Nichols.
01:13:11.066 --> 01:13:13.068
We need this kid.
Fix it, will you?
01:13:13.102 --> 01:13:14.303
It wasn't a mistake.
01:13:14.336 --> 01:13:15.671
Your friend Lomanitz
has been trying
01:13:15.704 --> 01:13:17.972
to unionize the Radiation Lab.
01:13:18.006 --> 01:13:19.308
He promised to quit all that.
01:13:19.341 --> 01:13:21.243
Well, he hasn't.
01:13:21.277 --> 01:13:23.145
Security officer at Berkeley's
concerned about
01:13:23.179 --> 01:13:25.481
Communist infiltration
through that union,
01:13:25.514 --> 01:13:28.117
-the F.A...
-F.A.E.C.T.
01:13:30.519 --> 01:13:34.223
While I'm there next week,
I'll drop in to see him.
01:13:36.492 --> 01:13:38.227
Your Q clearance came through.
01:13:41.764 --> 01:13:43.199
It's important
you not maintain or renew
01:13:43.232 --> 01:13:45.501
any questionable associations.
01:13:50.239 --> 01:13:52.741
ROBB: Doctor, did you think
social contacts
01:13:52.775 --> 01:13:55.110
between a person engaged
on secret war work
01:13:55.144 --> 01:13:56.512
and Communists was dangerous?
01:13:56.545 --> 01:14:00.216
My awareness of the danger
would be greater today.
01:14:00.249 --> 01:14:03.152
I mean, it's fair to say
that during the war years,
01:14:03.185 --> 01:14:06.388
you felt that such contacts
were potentially dangerous.
01:14:11.060 --> 01:14:12.795
(elevator dings)
01:14:12.828 --> 01:14:15.798
ROBERT:
Were conceivably dangerous, yes.
01:14:15.831 --> 01:14:18.100
ROBB:
I mean, really,
01:14:18.133 --> 01:14:20.169
known Communists.
01:14:22.304 --> 01:14:24.540
ROBERT:
Look... (sighs)
01:14:24.573 --> 01:14:26.108
I've had a lot of secrets
01:14:26.141 --> 01:14:29.111
-in my head for a long time.
-(knock on door)
01:14:30.079 --> 01:14:31.347
Doesn't matter
who I associate with.
01:14:31.380 --> 01:14:34.283
I don't talk about
those secrets.
01:14:41.690 --> 01:14:43.325
ROBB:
You said in your statement
01:14:43.359 --> 01:14:49.298
that you had to see
Jean Tatlock in 1943.
01:14:50.766 --> 01:14:52.434
You left.
01:14:53.669 --> 01:14:55.104
Not a word.
01:14:55.137 --> 01:14:57.606
What did you think
that would do to me?
01:14:58.707 --> 01:14:59.775
I wrote.
01:14:59.808 --> 01:15:02.211
Pages of nothing.
01:15:04.480 --> 01:15:06.815
Where did you go?
01:15:06.849 --> 01:15:09.285
-I can't tell you.
-Why not?
01:15:09.318 --> 01:15:12.054
Because you're a Communist.
01:15:13.589 --> 01:15:15.457
Why did you have to see her?
01:15:15.491 --> 01:15:18.594
Because she had indicated
a great desire
01:15:18.627 --> 01:15:20.296
to see me before we left.
01:15:20.329 --> 01:15:21.497
At that time, I couldn't,
01:15:21.530 --> 01:15:25.334
but I felt that
she had to see me.
01:15:25.367 --> 01:15:27.870
She was undergoing
psychiatric treatment.
01:15:27.903 --> 01:15:30.139
She was extremely unhappy.
01:15:30.172 --> 01:15:32.174
Did you find out
why she had to see you?
01:15:32.207 --> 01:15:34.343
(grim music playing)
01:15:37.279 --> 01:15:39.348
Because she was
still in love with me.
01:15:41.216 --> 01:15:44.119
(heavy breathing)
01:15:46.555 --> 01:15:48.624
Spent the night together,
didn't you?
01:15:56.599 --> 01:15:57.633
ROBERT:
Yes.
01:16:03.305 --> 01:16:07.176
You drop in and out of my life,
01:16:07.209 --> 01:16:09.678
and you don't
have to tell me why.
01:16:09.712 --> 01:16:11.180
Now that's power.
01:16:11.213 --> 01:16:13.248
Not that I enjoy.
01:16:14.216 --> 01:16:16.352
I'd rather be here
for you as you need.
01:16:16.385 --> 01:16:18.854
But you have
other priorities now.
01:16:18.887 --> 01:16:21.657
I have a wife and child.
01:16:22.658 --> 01:16:25.461
That's not what either of us
is talking about.
01:16:28.897 --> 01:16:30.766
Jean.
01:16:30.799 --> 01:16:32.935
You asked me to come.
01:16:32.968 --> 01:16:35.337
And I'm glad I did.
01:16:35.971 --> 01:16:38.540
But I can't see you again.
01:16:40.943 --> 01:16:42.645
But what if I need you?
01:16:46.215 --> 01:16:49.184
You said you would
always answer.
01:16:51.654 --> 01:16:52.788
Not a word?
01:16:54.057 --> 01:16:55.125
ROBB: Did you think that
consistent with good security?
01:16:55.157 --> 01:16:57.826
-As a matter of fact, it was.
-(rhythmic stomping)
01:16:57.860 --> 01:17:00.229
Not a word.
01:17:00.262 --> 01:17:02.431
ROBB: When did you
see her after that?
01:17:03.265 --> 01:17:05.434
(stomping intensifying)
01:17:08.904 --> 01:17:10.806
(stomping stops)
01:17:10.839 --> 01:17:12.508
I never saw her again.
01:17:18.714 --> 01:17:21.350
I can make the last train
back to Princeton.
01:17:21.383 --> 01:17:24.553
Kitty, I didn't say anything
that I hadn't already told you.
01:17:24.586 --> 01:17:26.722
Today you said it to history,
didn't you?
01:17:26.755 --> 01:17:28.290
This is a closed hearing.
01:17:29.992 --> 01:17:31.593
KITTY: If they don't release
the transcript,
01:17:31.627 --> 01:17:33.629
-I'm sure you will.
-ROBERT: I was under oath.
01:17:33.662 --> 01:17:35.431
KITTY: Well, you were
under an oath for me
01:17:35.464 --> 01:17:37.266
when you went to see Jean.
01:17:37.933 --> 01:17:39.368
You know, you...
01:17:40.269 --> 01:17:42.571
...you sit there, day after day,
01:17:42.604 --> 01:17:45.641
letting them pick our lives
to pieces.
01:17:48.644 --> 01:17:50.345
Why won't you fight?
01:17:53.482 --> 01:17:56.618
GARRISON: Robert, I'm not
putting her up there.
01:18:01.757 --> 01:18:04.626
Dr. Oppenheimer, it's an honor.
Please, take a seat.
01:18:04.660 --> 01:18:08.263
No need, um, I just wanted
to check whether I should
01:18:08.297 --> 01:18:10.466
talk to Lomanitz while I'm here,
given your concerns.
01:18:10.499 --> 01:18:12.601
Well, I'd say that's really
up to you, Professor,
01:18:12.634 --> 01:18:14.803
-but I'd be cautious.
-Uh-huh. Understood.
01:18:14.837 --> 01:18:17.573
Oh, and, um, (clears throat)
as regards to the union,
01:18:17.606 --> 01:18:19.374
I wanted to give you
a heads-up on a...
01:18:19.408 --> 01:18:20.743
on a man named Eltenton.
01:18:20.776 --> 01:18:22.277
A heads-up?
01:18:22.311 --> 01:18:26.248
Yes, just that he might
merit watching is all.
01:18:27.050 --> 01:18:28.484
Well, I'd love
to get more details.
01:18:28.517 --> 01:18:30.853
Well, I...
I have an appointment now
01:18:30.886 --> 01:18:32.321
and I leave early tomorrow.
01:18:32.354 --> 01:18:33.889
Well, come back
as early as you like.
01:18:33.922 --> 01:18:36.258
Since you haven't time now.
01:18:36.925 --> 01:18:38.761
You went back the next morning.
01:18:38.794 --> 01:18:40.796
I did, I had to, really.
01:18:41.730 --> 01:18:44.333
This time, there was
another man.
01:18:45.000 --> 01:18:46.502
He said his name's Pash.
01:18:46.535 --> 01:18:49.037
Pash. You met Colonel Pash?
01:18:49.072 --> 01:18:50.606
ROBB: Colonel Pash,
could you please read
01:18:50.639 --> 01:18:54.443
from your memo
dated June 29, 1943?
01:18:56.545 --> 01:18:58.647
PASH: "Results of surveillance
conducted on subject
01:18:58.680 --> 01:19:01.517
"indicate further possible
Communist Party connections.
01:19:01.550 --> 01:19:03.719
"Subject met with
and spent considerable time
01:19:03.752 --> 01:19:05.954
"with one Jean Tatlock,
Communist,
01:19:05.988 --> 01:19:07.456
the record of whom is attached."
01:19:07.489 --> 01:19:09.358
The subject being
Dr. Oppenheimer?
01:19:09.391 --> 01:19:11.860
-PASH: Yes.
-ROBB: Whom you had not met?
01:19:11.894 --> 01:19:13.695
PASH:
Not then, but soon after.
01:19:13.729 --> 01:19:15.098
He's the head of security
for the project.
01:19:15.131 --> 01:19:16.365
Shouldn't I know him?
01:19:16.398 --> 01:19:17.733
No, he should know you.
01:19:17.766 --> 01:19:19.668
I would never put you
in a room with Pash.
01:19:19.701 --> 01:19:20.969
-Why not?
-(sighs)
01:19:21.003 --> 01:19:23.072
When Pash first heard
about Lomanitz,
01:19:23.106 --> 01:19:26.041
he told the FBI
he was gonna kidnap him,
01:19:26.075 --> 01:19:27.543
take him out on a boat
01:19:27.576 --> 01:19:30.579
and interrogate him
in the Russian manner.
01:19:32.714 --> 01:19:35.551
General Groves has placed in me
a certain responsibility,
01:19:35.584 --> 01:19:37.820
and it's like having a child
who I can't see.
01:19:37.853 --> 01:19:39.955
-Ah.
-By remote control.
01:19:39.988 --> 01:19:43.592
-(chuckles quietly)
-So to actually meet you is...
01:19:44.693 --> 01:19:46.129
I won't take up
too much of your time.
01:19:46.162 --> 01:19:48.430
No, no, not at all.
Whatever time you choose.
01:19:48.463 --> 01:19:51.366
Mm. Mr. Johnson told me
of a conversation
01:19:51.400 --> 01:19:53.136
you had yesterday
in which I'm very interested.
01:19:53.169 --> 01:19:55.437
It's had me worried all day.
01:19:55.470 --> 01:19:57.973
Yes, well, I didn't want
to talk to Lomanitz
01:19:58.006 --> 01:19:59.541
without authorization.
01:19:59.575 --> 01:20:00.776
That's not the particular
interest that I have.
01:20:00.809 --> 01:20:02.778
It's something
a little bit more...
01:20:03.812 --> 01:20:05.581
...well, in my opinion,
more serious.
01:20:05.614 --> 01:20:08.550
Now, when the FBI pointed out
that such information
01:20:08.584 --> 01:20:10.119
wouldn't be admissible in court,
Pash made it clear
01:20:10.153 --> 01:20:13.922
he had no intention of leaving
any witness left to prosecute.
01:20:13.956 --> 01:20:15.524
Now, the FBI talked him down,
01:20:15.557 --> 01:20:17.126
but that's the man
you're dancing with.
01:20:17.160 --> 01:20:19.862
I gather you've heard
there are other parties
01:20:19.895 --> 01:20:22.598
interested in the work
of the Radiation Lab.
01:20:22.631 --> 01:20:26.535
A man attached
to the Soviet Consul
01:20:26.568 --> 01:20:29.605
indicated,
through intermediate people,
01:20:29.638 --> 01:20:31.174
to people on this project,
01:20:31.207 --> 01:20:34.643
that he was in a position
to transmit information.
01:20:34.676 --> 01:20:37.512
Oh, why would anyone
on the project want to do that?
01:20:38.947 --> 01:20:41.483
Frankly, I can see that
there might be an argument
01:20:41.516 --> 01:20:43.919
for the Commander-in-Chief
informing the Russians--
01:20:43.952 --> 01:20:45.821
they're our allies after all--
01:20:45.854 --> 01:20:48.757
but I don't like the idea of it
going out the back door.
01:20:48.790 --> 01:20:51.526
It might not hurt
to be on the lookout for it.
01:20:52.928 --> 01:20:54.097
And you said that to Pash?
01:20:54.130 --> 01:20:55.631
I was trying to put it
01:20:55.664 --> 01:20:58.500
in a context
of Russia's not Germany.
01:20:58.533 --> 01:21:02.938
Boris Pash is the son
of a Russian Orthodox bishop.
01:21:02.971 --> 01:21:06.475
Born here, but in 1918,
he went back to Russia
01:21:06.508 --> 01:21:07.943
to fight the Bolsheviks.
01:21:07.976 --> 01:21:10.146
This is a man who has killed
Communists with his own hands.
01:21:10.179 --> 01:21:13.649
I'm not the judge of who should
or should not have information.
01:21:13.682 --> 01:21:15.717
It's my business to stop it
from going through illegally.
01:21:15.751 --> 01:21:17.953
Would you be
a little more specific?
01:21:19.222 --> 01:21:20.789
(smacks lips)
01:21:20.822 --> 01:21:23.692
There's a man whose name
was mentioned to me
01:21:23.725 --> 01:21:25.827
a couple of times. Eltenton.
01:21:26.862 --> 01:21:29.965
Uh, I believe he's a chemist
who works at Shell.
01:21:29.998 --> 01:21:32.534
He talked to a friend of his
01:21:32.567 --> 01:21:36.471
who's an acquaintance
of someone on the project.
01:21:37.706 --> 01:21:40.143
And you thought Pash
would be satisfied with that?
01:21:40.176 --> 01:21:42.711
I was attempting
to give them Eltenton
01:21:42.744 --> 01:21:44.080
without opening a can of worms.
01:21:44.113 --> 01:21:46.082
I told them
a cock-and-bull story.
01:21:46.115 --> 01:21:47.649
Did you lie
to General Groves too?
01:21:47.683 --> 01:21:51.220
No. I admitted to him
that I'd lied to Pash.
01:21:51.254 --> 01:21:52.688
GARRISON:
Do you recall this conversation
01:21:52.721 --> 01:21:55.124
-about the Chevalier incident?
-(scoffs)
01:21:55.158 --> 01:21:57.559
I've seen so many
versions of it. Um...
01:21:57.592 --> 01:21:58.760
Wasn't confused before,
01:21:58.794 --> 01:22:00.229
but I'm certainly
getting there now.
01:22:00.263 --> 01:22:01.563
GARRISON:
And what was your conclusion?
01:22:01.596 --> 01:22:03.966
That he was under
the influence of
01:22:03.999 --> 01:22:06.868
the typical American
schoolboy attitude
01:22:06.902 --> 01:22:10.505
that there's something wicked
about telling on a friend.
01:22:10.539 --> 01:22:12.574
Well, now.
01:22:12.607 --> 01:22:15.043
Might we know through whom
the contact was made?
01:22:15.078 --> 01:22:17.280
That would in... involve people
01:22:17.313 --> 01:22:19.282
who are not to be
involved in this.
01:22:19.315 --> 01:22:22.085
Is that someone
a member of the project?
01:22:22.118 --> 01:22:26.655
A member of the faculty, yes,
but not in the project, no.
01:22:26.688 --> 01:22:27.789
Ah.
01:22:27.823 --> 01:22:29.591
So Eltenton made his approach
01:22:29.624 --> 01:22:32.861
through a member of
the faculty here at Berkeley?
01:22:34.596 --> 01:22:37.066
As far as I know.
As far as I know, yes.
01:22:37.100 --> 01:22:39.735
But there-there may have been
01:22:39.768 --> 01:22:42.504
more than one person involved.
01:22:45.907 --> 01:22:49.112
Gentlemen, if I...
if I seem uncooperative,
01:22:49.145 --> 01:22:52.081
I think you can understand
that's because of my insistence
01:22:52.115 --> 01:22:54.716
in not getting
innocent people into trouble.
01:22:54.750 --> 01:22:56.551
GROVES: You're trying
to protect your friend.
01:22:56.585 --> 01:22:57.819
Who's protecting you?
01:22:57.853 --> 01:22:59.255
Well, you could.
01:22:59.288 --> 01:23:00.622
If you gave me the name.
01:23:00.655 --> 01:23:02.591
If you order me to, I'll do it.
01:23:02.624 --> 01:23:03.658
That's a mistake, Robert.
01:23:03.692 --> 01:23:05.527
You need to volunteer this name.
01:23:06.362 --> 01:23:08.030
ROBB:
And did he give you the name?
01:23:08.064 --> 01:23:09.198
GROVES:
He did.
01:23:09.232 --> 01:23:10.699
-ROBB: But not then, did he?
-No.
01:23:10.732 --> 01:23:12.201
No. In fact, it was some
months later, wasn't it?
01:23:12.235 --> 01:23:14.137
It was.
01:23:14.170 --> 01:23:15.271
You see me as persistent.
01:23:15.304 --> 01:23:17.039
Well, you are...
01:23:17.073 --> 01:23:18.907
you are persistent,
but that is your job.
01:23:18.940 --> 01:23:22.644
And-and my job is to protect
the people that work for me.
01:23:22.677 --> 01:23:24.679
PASH: Instead of us going
on certain steps,
01:23:24.713 --> 01:23:26.815
which may come
to your attention...
01:23:28.184 --> 01:23:29.951
...and be disturbing to you,
01:23:29.985 --> 01:23:33.089
I would like to discuss
those with you first.
01:23:33.122 --> 01:23:34.623
I'm not formulating a plan.
01:23:34.656 --> 01:23:36.992
I'll just have to digest
the whole thing.
01:23:40.629 --> 01:23:43.332
ROBB: In the months
in between your interview
01:23:43.366 --> 01:23:47.002
with Dr. Oppenheimer and his
eventual naming of Chevalier,
01:23:47.035 --> 01:23:48.337
did you expend resources
01:23:48.371 --> 01:23:49.838
trying to find the name
of the intermediary?
01:23:49.871 --> 01:23:52.341
Considerable resources, yes.
01:23:52.375 --> 01:23:54.609
Without the name, our job
was extremely difficult.
01:23:54.643 --> 01:23:56.079
And when did you
receive the name?
01:23:56.112 --> 01:23:57.346
I was gone by the time
01:23:57.380 --> 01:23:59.815
-Oppenheimer finally
offered it up. -Gone?
01:23:59.848 --> 01:24:02.017
They felt my time would be
better spent in Europe
01:24:02.051 --> 01:24:04.786
determining the status
of the Nazi bomb project.
01:24:04.820 --> 01:24:05.987
Who did?
01:24:07.090 --> 01:24:08.824
General Groves.
01:24:08.857 --> 01:24:10.625
He transferred me to London.
01:24:17.066 --> 01:24:19.168
SERBER: It's a little early
for a Christmas party.
01:24:19.202 --> 01:24:21.204
Something's up.
01:24:21.237 --> 01:24:23.272
Tolman's been away.
01:24:23.306 --> 01:24:25.006
Where?
01:24:25.040 --> 01:24:26.608
Ruth won't tell.
01:24:29.145 --> 01:24:31.114
(lively chatter and laughter)
01:24:31.147 --> 01:24:32.148
Hey!
01:24:32.181 --> 01:24:33.882
(playing upbeat music)
01:24:36.319 --> 01:24:37.853
Come on, Ruthie.
01:24:37.886 --> 01:24:39.955
Can't tell me, who can you tell?
01:24:39.988 --> 01:24:42.724
RUTH:
Compartmentalization, Oppie.
01:24:42.757 --> 01:24:44.127
What makes you think
I know where he is anyway?
01:24:44.160 --> 01:24:45.861
ROBERT:
'Cause you do a pretty good job
01:24:45.894 --> 01:24:48.663
of knowing where Mr. Tolman is
when it counts.
01:24:48.697 --> 01:24:50.233
Like now?
01:24:50.266 --> 01:24:53.702
GROVES:
Attention!
01:24:53.735 --> 01:24:55.637
(chatter and music subside)
01:24:56.905 --> 01:24:58.840
Early Christmas present
for you all.
01:25:00.243 --> 01:25:03.044
(applause)
01:25:03.079 --> 01:25:05.647
(crowd cheering)
01:25:06.915 --> 01:25:09.285
BOHR: The British pilots
put me in the bomb bay.
01:25:09.318 --> 01:25:11.320
Showed me the-the oxygen,
you know,
01:25:11.354 --> 01:25:13.089
-but I messed it up.
-(crowd laughs)
01:25:13.122 --> 01:25:15.724
Uh, when they opened me up
in Scotland, I was unconscious.
01:25:15.757 --> 01:25:17.959
But I pretended
I'd been napping.
01:25:17.993 --> 01:25:18.894
(crowd laughing)
01:25:18.927 --> 01:25:20.363
Please enjoy your party.
01:25:20.396 --> 01:25:21.696
(light applause)
01:25:21.730 --> 01:25:23.031
(whispering):
Is it big enough?
01:25:23.065 --> 01:25:24.333
To end the war?
01:25:24.367 --> 01:25:27.270
To end all war.
01:25:28.803 --> 01:25:30.072
(intriguing music playing)
01:25:30.106 --> 01:25:34.177
Uh, Heisenberg sought me out
in Copenhagen.
01:25:34.210 --> 01:25:35.944
It was chilling,
01:25:35.977 --> 01:25:38.013
my old student
working for the Nazis.
01:25:38.047 --> 01:25:41.950
He told me some things
to draw me out.
01:25:42.851 --> 01:25:46.189
Sustained fission reactions
in uranium.
01:25:46.222 --> 01:25:48.424
That sounds more like
a reactor than a bomb.
01:25:48.457 --> 01:25:49.891
Did he mention
gaseous diffusion?
01:25:49.925 --> 01:25:52.195
He seemed more focused
on heavy water.
01:25:52.228 --> 01:25:53.929
As a moderator?
01:25:53.962 --> 01:25:55.331
Yes, instead of graphite.
01:25:55.364 --> 01:25:57.699
-(Teller snorts)
-(laughter)
01:25:58.367 --> 01:25:59.734
What?
01:25:59.768 --> 01:26:01.937
He took a wrong turn.
01:26:01.970 --> 01:26:04.440
We're ahead. And with you here
to help us, Niels.
01:26:04.473 --> 01:26:06.741
Sorry, could you...
01:26:06.775 --> 01:26:09.711
could you give us a moment,
gentlemen?
01:26:15.884 --> 01:26:18.421
I am not here to help, Robert.
01:26:18.454 --> 01:26:20.356
I knew you could
do this without me.
01:26:20.389 --> 01:26:21.490
Then why did you come?
01:26:21.524 --> 01:26:22.958
BOHR:
To talk about after.
01:26:22.991 --> 01:26:24.960
The power you're about to reveal
01:26:24.993 --> 01:26:27.196
will forever outlive the Nazis.
01:26:28.264 --> 01:26:29.864
And the world is not prepared.
01:26:29.898 --> 01:26:31.300
"You could lift the stone
01:26:31.334 --> 01:26:33.969
without being ready
for the snake that's revealed."
01:26:34.002 --> 01:26:35.371
We have to make
the politicians understand,
01:26:35.404 --> 01:26:37.506
this isn't a new weapon.
01:26:37.540 --> 01:26:39.007
It's a new world.
01:26:39.040 --> 01:26:42.411
I'll be out there
doing what I can, but you...
01:26:42.445 --> 01:26:45.013
you're an American Prometheus.
01:26:45.047 --> 01:26:47.283
The man who gave them the power
01:26:47.316 --> 01:26:49.352
to destroy themselves,
01:26:49.385 --> 01:26:51.019
and they'll respect that.
01:26:51.053 --> 01:26:53.222
And your work really begins.
01:26:57.159 --> 01:27:00.296
I'm sorry, Oppie,
but there's a call.
01:27:01.430 --> 01:27:04.166
From San Francisco.
01:27:04.200 --> 01:27:06.269
(somber music playing)
01:27:10.439 --> 01:27:12.141
Robert!
01:27:15.378 --> 01:27:16.911
Robert?
01:27:17.580 --> 01:27:20.149
Robert. Robert.
01:27:20.182 --> 01:27:22.385
-God, what's the matter?
-(grunts softly)
01:27:22.418 --> 01:27:24.186
-What happened?
-(sighs)
01:27:25.054 --> 01:27:26.988
ROBERT:
Her father called.
01:27:27.022 --> 01:27:29.158
They found her yesterday
in the bath.
01:27:30.159 --> 01:27:31.294
Who?
01:27:32.295 --> 01:27:34.297
She'd taken pills.
01:27:34.330 --> 01:27:36.232
Left a note, not signed.
01:27:37.233 --> 01:27:38.200
She took barbiturates,
01:27:38.234 --> 01:27:40.169
but there was chloral hydrate
in her blood.
01:27:40.202 --> 01:27:41.570
(muffled screaming)
01:27:41.604 --> 01:27:43.506
(screaming stops)
01:27:43.539 --> 01:27:44.873
There was a note.
01:27:44.906 --> 01:27:47.209
(whispering):
Jean Tatlock?
01:27:52.981 --> 01:27:54.983
We were together.
01:27:55.016 --> 01:27:57.819
She said she needed me. I...
01:27:59.921 --> 01:28:02.857
I told her I... I wouldn't...
(shudders)
01:28:02.891 --> 01:28:04.527
I told her I couldn't...
01:28:04.560 --> 01:28:06.228
No, it was... it was me.
01:28:08.029 --> 01:28:09.198
(Kitty breathing heavily)
01:28:09.231 --> 01:28:11.334
You don't get to commit the sin
01:28:11.367 --> 01:28:13.169
and then have us all
feel sorry for you
01:28:13.202 --> 01:28:16.072
that it had consequences.
(breath shuddering)
01:28:18.140 --> 01:28:20.343
-You pull yourself together.
-(sniffling)
01:28:24.012 --> 01:28:26.148
You know,
people here depend on you.
01:28:28.651 --> 01:28:30.119
SERBER:
Donald, would you like
01:28:30.152 --> 01:28:31.220
to contribute here?
Please, help me out.
01:28:31.253 --> 01:28:32.455
HORNIG:
You're on your own, pal.
01:28:32.488 --> 01:28:33.589
Bob, I'm not quitting my job
01:28:33.622 --> 01:28:34.956
because plutonium
is radioactive.
01:28:34.989 --> 01:28:36.525
We just don't know
what it might do
01:28:36.559 --> 01:28:38.294
to the female
reproductive system...
01:28:38.327 --> 01:28:40.229
Your reproductive system is more
exposed than mine, presumably.
01:28:40.262 --> 01:28:43.132
Can we please? The implosion
device is nowhere.
01:28:43.165 --> 01:28:44.567
Hey, you can't rush everything.
01:28:44.600 --> 01:28:46.135
-Oppie, please.
-Well, there's rushing
01:28:46.168 --> 01:28:47.969
and there's getting on
with it, so pick one.
01:28:48.002 --> 01:28:50.004
Wait. Neddermeyer's
doing his job.
01:28:50.038 --> 01:28:50.972
Teller's not helping.
01:28:51.005 --> 01:28:52.541
You're not helping.
01:28:52.575 --> 01:28:53.975
I've been asking
for calculations
01:28:54.008 --> 01:28:55.144
on the implosion lenses
for weeks.
01:28:55.177 --> 01:28:56.645
The British can do it. Fuchs.
01:28:56.679 --> 01:28:57.979
Absolutely.
01:28:58.012 --> 01:28:59.382
It's your job, Teller.
01:28:59.415 --> 01:29:01.217
I'm engaged in research.
01:29:01.250 --> 01:29:03.918
On a hydrogen bomb
we're not even building.
01:29:03.952 --> 01:29:05.388
(others laughing)
01:29:12.026 --> 01:29:13.396
I won't work for that man.
01:29:13.429 --> 01:29:15.131
(others exclaim)
01:29:15.164 --> 01:29:17.266
Let him go. He's a prima donna.
01:29:17.299 --> 01:29:19.535
SERBER: I agree.
He should leave Los Alamos.
01:29:19.568 --> 01:29:21.070
Okay.
01:29:21.103 --> 01:29:22.971
Kisty, you replace Neddermeyer.
01:29:23.004 --> 01:29:24.407
Seth, I'm putting you
on plutonium.
01:29:24.440 --> 01:29:27.543
Lilli, you go work for Kisty.
Because he needs you.
01:29:27.576 --> 01:29:30.146
Fuchs, you take Teller's role.
01:29:30.179 --> 01:29:32.548
I'm putting you exclusively
on the implosion device.
01:29:32.581 --> 01:29:36.352
And no one is leaving
Los Alamos.
01:29:36.385 --> 01:29:39.121
(rousing music playing)
01:29:50.599 --> 01:29:52.568
-They won't let me leave.
-ROBERT: No.
01:29:52.601 --> 01:29:54.203
I won't let you leave.
01:29:55.070 --> 01:29:58.174
Forget Hans. Forget fission.
01:29:58.207 --> 01:30:01.343
Stay here,
research what you want.
01:30:01.377 --> 01:30:03.978
Fusion, the hydrogen bomb,
whatever.
01:30:04.012 --> 01:30:05.181
We'll meet to discuss.
01:30:05.214 --> 01:30:06.682
You don't have time to meet.
01:30:06.715 --> 01:30:08.284
You're a politician now, Robert.
01:30:08.317 --> 01:30:10.952
You've left physics behind
many, many years ago.
01:30:11.787 --> 01:30:13.589
Once a week.
01:30:13.622 --> 01:30:15.491
One hour. You and me.
01:30:20.663 --> 01:30:23.232
Now raise this fucking barrier.
01:30:27.169 --> 01:30:29.605
ROBB: So the Super
was under development
01:30:29.638 --> 01:30:31.607
on your watch at Los Alamos?
01:30:31.640 --> 01:30:33.142
Yes.
01:30:33.175 --> 01:30:35.043
ROBB:
And yet, after the war,
01:30:35.077 --> 01:30:36.679
you tried to deny it was viable.
01:30:36.712 --> 01:30:38.214
No, no, no. I...
01:30:38.247 --> 01:30:40.082
I pointed out
technical difficulties with it.
01:30:40.115 --> 01:30:41.750
You... Didn't you try
to kill it at the AEC meeting
01:30:41.784 --> 01:30:43.352
-after the Russian bomb test?
-No.
01:30:43.385 --> 01:30:45.488
ROBB: But that was
the recommendation of the AEC,
01:30:45.521 --> 01:30:47.790
-was it not?
-After hours of discussion
01:30:47.823 --> 01:30:50.092
about the best response.
01:30:50.125 --> 01:30:55.231
An H-bomb is 1,000 times
the power of an A-bomb.
01:30:56.398 --> 01:31:00.169
Its only intended target
would be the largest cities.
01:31:00.202 --> 01:31:02.304
It's a weapon of mass genocide.
01:31:02.338 --> 01:31:04.640
Izzy, draw some circles
on this side of the map
01:31:04.673 --> 01:31:06.308
where they would target us.
01:31:06.342 --> 01:31:08.377
-Starting with New York. D.C.
-RABI: That's fair.
01:31:08.410 --> 01:31:11.180
It's a weapon of attack
with no defensive value.
01:31:11.213 --> 01:31:12.748
-Deterrence.
-BUSH: "Deterrence"?
01:31:12.781 --> 01:31:14.383
Do we really need
more deterrence
01:31:14.416 --> 01:31:16.819
than our current arsenal
of atomic bombs?
01:31:16.852 --> 01:31:19.555
Y-You drown in ten feet
of water or-or 10,000,
01:31:19.588 --> 01:31:21.257
-what's the difference?
-(rhythmic stomping)
01:31:21.290 --> 01:31:23.259
We can already drown Russia.
They know it.
01:31:23.292 --> 01:31:25.561
-And now they can drown us.
-So we're just escalating...
01:31:25.594 --> 01:31:27.396
(stomping intensifying)
01:31:27.429 --> 01:31:29.632
(discussion continues
indistinctly)
01:31:33.469 --> 01:31:35.070
(stomping stops)
01:31:36.472 --> 01:31:39.308
As I said,
Teller's designs are still as
01:31:39.341 --> 01:31:41.277
impractical as they were
during the war.
01:31:41.310 --> 01:31:44.280
A hydrogen bomb can be made
to work, Oppie, you know that.
01:31:44.313 --> 01:31:45.447
I don't believe we should commit
01:31:45.481 --> 01:31:47.383
all our resources
to that chance.
01:31:47.416 --> 01:31:50.286
Then how would you have Truman
reassure the American people?
01:31:50.319 --> 01:31:52.521
Simply by limiting the spread
of atomic weapons
01:31:52.555 --> 01:31:55.858
through international control
on nuclear energy.
01:31:55.891 --> 01:31:57.459
By which you mean
world government?
01:31:57.493 --> 01:32:00.429
The United Nations
as Roosevelt intended.
01:32:00.462 --> 01:32:03.365
Well, I... I asked what Truman
should do, right?
01:32:03.399 --> 01:32:06.302
The world's changed,
it's not fascism but Communism
01:32:06.335 --> 01:32:07.803
that now threatens our survival.
01:32:07.836 --> 01:32:11.473
Lewis, do you understand,
if we build a hydrogen bomb,
01:32:11.507 --> 01:32:14.376
the Russians will have no choice
but to build their own?
01:32:14.410 --> 01:32:16.178
Could they be working
on one already?
01:32:16.211 --> 01:32:18.714
Based on information gathered
from a spy at Los Alamos.
01:32:18.747 --> 01:32:20.215
No spy at Los Alamos.
01:32:20.249 --> 01:32:21.317
-Gentlemen.
-There wasn't?
01:32:21.350 --> 01:32:22.585
Let's not get sidetracked.
01:32:22.618 --> 01:32:24.320
I say we use this moment
01:32:24.353 --> 01:32:25.754
to gain concessions
from the Russians
01:32:25.788 --> 01:32:28.857
by committing that we will not
build a hydrogen bomb.
01:32:28.891 --> 01:32:30.526
Thereby revealing its existence.
01:32:30.559 --> 01:32:32.561
Which you seem convinced
they already know.
01:32:32.595 --> 01:32:34.196
(clears throat) All right.
01:32:34.229 --> 01:32:36.332
At this point, I'd like
the committee members
01:32:36.365 --> 01:32:40.302
to meet in privacy to finalize
our recommendations.
01:32:41.437 --> 01:32:43.439
I'm just not sure you want
to go down this road.
01:32:43.472 --> 01:32:45.741
Lewis, with respect,
we are the advisory committee,
01:32:45.774 --> 01:32:47.543
we will give them our advice.
01:32:47.576 --> 01:32:48.677
STRAUSS:
Good night.
01:32:52.881 --> 01:32:57.152
Dr. Oppenheimer?
Hi. William Borden.
01:32:57.186 --> 01:32:58.520
Joint Committee
on Atomic Energy?
01:32:58.554 --> 01:32:59.755
Oh, yes, yes.
01:32:59.788 --> 01:33:01.423
During the war, I was a pilot.
01:33:02.558 --> 01:33:05.294
One night,
flying back from a raid,
01:33:05.327 --> 01:33:08.230
I saw an amazing sight
like a meteor.
01:33:08.263 --> 01:33:09.398
(engine rumbling)
01:33:09.431 --> 01:33:12.201
A V-2 rocket headed to England.
01:33:12.234 --> 01:33:14.236
I can't help but imagine
what it will be
01:33:14.269 --> 01:33:18.173
for such an enemy rocket
to carry an atomic warhead.
01:33:18.207 --> 01:33:20.275
(rhythmic stomping)
01:33:20.909 --> 01:33:21.844
(rocket engine rumbling)
01:33:21.877 --> 01:33:24.446
(stomping intensifying)
01:33:24.480 --> 01:33:25.347
(stomping stops)
01:33:26.949 --> 01:33:28.283
Well, let's make sure
we're not the ones
01:33:28.317 --> 01:33:29.618
to make that possible.
01:33:36.325 --> 01:33:39.228
Oppie, I don't think you want
to go up against Strauss.
01:33:39.261 --> 01:33:41.330
If we both speak,
they listen to me.
01:33:41.363 --> 01:33:43.432
When you speak,
they hear a prophet.
01:33:43.465 --> 01:33:45.434
When Strauss speaks,
they hear themselves.
01:33:45.467 --> 01:33:47.269
They'll listen to a prophet.
01:33:47.302 --> 01:33:50.572
A prophet can't be wrong.
Not once.
01:33:50.606 --> 01:33:52.374
SENATOR McGEE:
Didn't you accuse Oppenheimer
01:33:52.408 --> 01:33:54.309
of sabotaging the development
of the Super?
01:33:54.343 --> 01:33:55.944
I was never one of those
01:33:55.978 --> 01:33:59.248
to bandy around terms
like "sabotage."
01:33:59.281 --> 01:34:01.250
SENATOR McGEE:
But Mr. Borden was?
01:34:01.283 --> 01:34:02.551
As I understand it, possibly.
01:34:02.584 --> 01:34:04.687
How was Mr. Borden able
to put together
01:34:04.720 --> 01:34:05.988
such a detailed indictment?
01:34:06.021 --> 01:34:07.556
He was no longer
a government employee,
01:34:07.589 --> 01:34:10.225
yet he appears to have
had unlimited access
01:34:10.259 --> 01:34:11.760
to Dr. Oppenheimer's file.
01:34:11.794 --> 01:34:14.697
Might Mr. Nichols have
given him access to the file?
01:34:14.730 --> 01:34:16.632
Or someone else, at the AEC?
01:34:16.665 --> 01:34:19.501
That's a very serious
accusation, Senator.
01:34:19.535 --> 01:34:22.004
Is it your intention to
suggest that Dr. Oppenheimer
01:34:22.037 --> 01:34:23.972
is disloyal
to the United States?
01:34:24.006 --> 01:34:26.542
I've always assumed,
and still assume,
01:34:26.575 --> 01:34:29.278
that he's loyal
to the United States.
01:34:29.311 --> 01:34:30.746
I believe this.
And I shall believe it
01:34:30.779 --> 01:34:33.582
until I see very conclusive
proof to the opposite.
01:34:33.615 --> 01:34:35.384
ROBB:
Do you or do you not believe
01:34:35.417 --> 01:34:37.786
that Dr. Oppenheimer
is a security risk?
01:34:38.887 --> 01:34:41.356
(suspenseful music plays)
01:34:45.994 --> 01:34:47.629
PHILIP MORRISON:
And if I may,
01:34:47.663 --> 01:34:50.466
when Hitler blew
his brains out in that bunker,
01:34:50.499 --> 01:34:52.034
it's my humble opinion
that there is no need
01:34:52.068 --> 01:34:53.535
for that bomb
to be seen anywhere
01:34:53.569 --> 01:34:55.337
-except for that test site.
-(applause)
01:34:55.370 --> 01:34:57.372
HORNIG: But we at least
have to take a moment
01:34:57.406 --> 01:34:59.408
to think about whether the means
01:34:59.441 --> 01:35:01.710
justify the ends
any longer, because...
01:35:04.046 --> 01:35:06.615
Germany is about to surrender.
01:35:06.648 --> 01:35:08.484
(applause)
01:35:08.517 --> 01:35:11.854
It's no longer the enemy
who are the greatest threat
01:35:11.887 --> 01:35:13.689
to mankind, it's our work.
01:35:13.722 --> 01:35:15.390
(people murmur)
01:35:16.092 --> 01:35:18.827
Hitler's dead, it's true.
01:35:20.529 --> 01:35:22.065
But the Japanese fight on.
01:35:22.098 --> 01:35:23.766
Their defeat seems assured.
01:35:23.799 --> 01:35:26.802
Not if you're a G.I.
preparing to invade.
01:35:28.104 --> 01:35:29.404
We can end this war.
01:35:29.438 --> 01:35:30.839
MORRISON:
But how do we justify
01:35:30.873 --> 01:35:32.441
using this weapon
on human beings?
01:35:32.474 --> 01:35:34.409
-(murmurs of assent)
-(scattered applause)
01:35:35.477 --> 01:35:38.881
We're theorists, yes?
01:35:38.914 --> 01:35:40.516
PEOPLE:
Yes. Yep.
01:35:40.549 --> 01:35:44.586
We imagine a future
and our imaginings horrify us.
01:35:45.654 --> 01:35:47.790
But they won't fear it
until they understand it,
01:35:47.823 --> 01:35:50.726
and they won't understand it
until they've used it.
01:35:50.759 --> 01:35:51.927
When the world learns
01:35:51.960 --> 01:35:54.463
the terrible secret
of Los Alamos,
01:35:54.496 --> 01:35:57.933
our work here will ensure
a peace mankind has never seen.
01:35:57.966 --> 01:36:01.336
A peace based on the kind
of international cooperation
01:36:01.370 --> 01:36:03.405
that Roosevelt always envisaged.
01:36:03.438 --> 01:36:05.541
(scattered applause)
01:36:08.510 --> 01:36:09.745
ROBERT:
Progress?
01:36:09.778 --> 01:36:12.548
Two years and
a billion dollars' worth?
01:36:12.581 --> 01:36:14.349
Well, hard to put a price on it.
01:36:14.383 --> 01:36:15.951
Not really,
just add up the bills.
01:36:15.984 --> 01:36:17.686
"Rural free deliveries."
01:36:17.719 --> 01:36:20.489
Eighty babies delivered
the first year.
01:36:20.522 --> 01:36:22.858
This year,
we've had ten a month.
01:36:22.891 --> 01:36:25.627
Birth control is a little out
of my jurisdiction, General.
01:36:26.495 --> 01:36:28.831
-GROVES: Clearly.
-KITTY: General.
01:36:28.864 --> 01:36:30.766
(thrilling music playing)
01:36:33.802 --> 01:36:35.138
Head down, everyone.
01:36:35.171 --> 01:36:37.339
Fuchs, head down.
01:36:39.842 --> 01:36:41.009
Hmm? (sniffs)
01:36:41.043 --> 01:36:42.044
(spool winds)
01:36:42.078 --> 01:36:43.846
(explosion)
01:36:43.879 --> 01:36:45.614
That's the one. (grunts)
01:36:45.647 --> 01:36:48.550
Two viable bombs. I need a date.
01:36:50.853 --> 01:36:52.688
September.
01:36:52.721 --> 01:36:53.722
July.
01:36:53.755 --> 01:36:55.691
That's the sweet spot,
gentlemen.
01:36:55.724 --> 01:36:57.893
August.
01:36:57.926 --> 01:36:59.661
July.
01:36:59.695 --> 01:37:01.496
Test in July.
01:37:01.530 --> 01:37:03.166
But I need my brother.
01:37:03.199 --> 01:37:05.701
(thrilling music continues)
01:37:07.536 --> 01:37:09.471
Frank knows the desert,
he's left politics behind,
01:37:09.504 --> 01:37:11.940
he's been working with
Lawrence for two years now.
01:37:18.914 --> 01:37:20.749
What do we call the test?
01:37:21.850 --> 01:37:25.621
"Batter my heart,
three-person'd god."
01:37:25.654 --> 01:37:26.755
What?
01:37:28.124 --> 01:37:29.524
Trinity.
01:37:37.200 --> 01:37:38.567
ROBB:
You insisted
01:37:38.600 --> 01:37:39.902
on bringing on
your brother Frank,
01:37:39.935 --> 01:37:41.536
-a known Communist.
-A former Communist.
01:37:41.570 --> 01:37:44.006
You brought a known
former Communist
01:37:44.039 --> 01:37:47.910
onto America's most secret
and important defense project.
01:37:47.943 --> 01:37:51.046
I knew my brother
could be trusted. Absolutely.
01:37:51.080 --> 01:37:53.049
And you felt
your judgment was sound
01:37:53.082 --> 01:37:54.917
on who on the team
could be trusted?
01:37:55.918 --> 01:37:57.053
Fuchs, head down.
01:37:57.086 --> 01:37:58.820
Okay, everybody ready?
01:38:00.189 --> 01:38:02.125
Hmm? (sniffs)
01:38:02.158 --> 01:38:03.926
-(spool winds)
-Oh.
01:38:03.959 --> 01:38:05.560
(explosion)
01:38:07.063 --> 01:38:08.197
Oh.
01:38:08.231 --> 01:38:09.965
Well, I hope
you learned something.
01:38:09.998 --> 01:38:11.900
Yeah, we learned we're gonna
need to be a lot further away.
01:38:11.934 --> 01:38:13.502
Well, figure it out. Fast.
01:38:13.535 --> 01:38:15.204
We leave for Washington
in the morning.
01:38:15.238 --> 01:38:17.439
We're gonna give them a date.
01:38:22.978 --> 01:38:24.680
(telephones ringing)
01:38:31.586 --> 01:38:33.256
You're a long way
from Chicago, Leo.
01:38:33.289 --> 01:38:34.790
If we don't act now,
01:38:34.823 --> 01:38:36.525
they're going to use
this thing against Japan.
01:38:36.558 --> 01:38:38.527
We booked a meeting with Truman,
01:38:38.560 --> 01:38:39.828
but somebody killed it.
01:38:39.861 --> 01:38:41.730
You're meeting
the Secretary of War.
01:38:41.763 --> 01:38:43.932
Just because we're building it,
01:38:43.966 --> 01:38:45.968
doesn't mean we get to decide
how it's used.
01:38:46.001 --> 01:38:48.770
History will judge us, Robert.
01:38:48.804 --> 01:38:52.108
In Chicago,
we put together a petition.
01:38:52.141 --> 01:38:54.077
I'm not...
I'm not getting into that.
01:38:54.110 --> 01:38:55.844
(clattering)
01:38:55.877 --> 01:38:57.579
(sighs)
01:38:59.148 --> 01:39:01.084
Just tell me your concerns,
and I'll relay them.
01:39:01.117 --> 01:39:02.218
My concerns?
01:39:02.251 --> 01:39:04.220
Germany's defeated.
01:39:04.253 --> 01:39:06.021
Japan's not going
to hold out alone.
01:39:06.055 --> 01:39:07.956
How could you know that?
You got us into this.
01:39:07.990 --> 01:39:09.758
You and Einstein
with your letter to Roosevelt
01:39:09.791 --> 01:39:12.594
-saying we could build a bomb.
-(scoffs) Against Germany.
01:39:12.627 --> 01:39:15.564
That's not how weapons
manufacture works, Szilard.
01:39:15.597 --> 01:39:16.732
SZILARD:
Oppie, you have to help.
01:39:16.765 --> 01:39:18.067
ROBERT:
Fermi's in the meeting.
01:39:18.101 --> 01:39:19.668
-Lawrence is in the meeting.
-They're not you.
01:39:19.701 --> 01:39:21.870
You're the great salesman
of science.
01:39:21.903 --> 01:39:24.506
You can convince
anyone of anything.
01:39:25.208 --> 01:39:26.608
Even yourself.
01:39:27.210 --> 01:39:28.610
'Scuse me.
01:39:29.644 --> 01:39:32.914
The firestorm in Tokyo killed
100,000 people.
01:39:32.948 --> 01:39:34.750
Mostly civilians.
01:39:34.783 --> 01:39:37.320
I worry about an America
where we do these things
01:39:37.353 --> 01:39:39.088
and no one protests.
01:39:39.122 --> 01:39:42.158
Pearl Harbor and three years of
brutal conflict in the Pacific
01:39:42.191 --> 01:39:44.726
bought us a lot of latitude
with the American public.
01:39:44.760 --> 01:39:46.795
STIMSON: Enough to unleash
the atomic bomb?
01:39:46.828 --> 01:39:48.697
FERMI:
Uh, the A-bomb might not cause
01:39:48.730 --> 01:39:50.632
as much damage
as the Tokyo bombings.
01:39:50.665 --> 01:39:52.034
What are we estimating?
01:39:52.068 --> 01:39:54.903
In a medium-size city, uh,
01:39:54.936 --> 01:39:56.339
20 or 30,000 dead.
01:39:56.372 --> 01:39:58.174
ROBERT:
Yes, but, uh,
01:39:58.207 --> 01:40:01.244
don't underestimate
the psychological impact of a...
01:40:01.277 --> 01:40:02.677
of an atomic explosion.
01:40:02.711 --> 01:40:06.948
A pillar of fire
10,000 feet tall.
01:40:06.982 --> 01:40:10.319
Deadly neutron effects
for a mile, in all directions,
01:40:10.353 --> 01:40:13.256
from one single device.
01:40:13.289 --> 01:40:15.624
Dropped from
a barely noticed B-29,
01:40:15.657 --> 01:40:17.926
the atomic bomb will be
01:40:17.959 --> 01:40:20.796
a terrible revelation
of divine power.
01:40:20.829 --> 01:40:24.100
If that's true,
it would be definitive.
01:40:24.133 --> 01:40:26.202
World War II would be over.
01:40:26.235 --> 01:40:27.936
Our boys would come home.
01:40:27.969 --> 01:40:29.105
Military targets?
01:40:30.239 --> 01:40:32.908
Uh, there aren't any big enough.
01:40:32.941 --> 01:40:38.713
Perhaps a vital war plant
with workers housed nearby.
01:40:38.747 --> 01:40:41.084
And we could issue a warning
to reduce civilian casualties.
01:40:41.117 --> 01:40:43.286
They'd send everything
they have up against us,
01:40:43.319 --> 01:40:44.920
and I'd be up in that plane.
01:40:44.953 --> 01:40:48.157
But if we announce it
and it fails to go off,
01:40:48.191 --> 01:40:50.892
we'd scupper any chance
of a Japanese surrender.
01:40:50.926 --> 01:40:54.029
Is there no way to demonstrate
a bomb to Japan
01:40:54.063 --> 01:40:55.764
to provoke surrender?
01:40:55.797 --> 01:40:58.867
We intend to demonstrate it
in the most unambiguous terms.
01:40:58.900 --> 01:40:59.601
Twice.
01:40:59.634 --> 01:41:01.703
Once to show the weapon's power
01:41:01.736 --> 01:41:04.240
and a second to show
that we can keep doing this
01:41:04.273 --> 01:41:05.774
until they surrender.
01:41:05.807 --> 01:41:09.178
We have a list of 12 cities
to choose from...
01:41:09.212 --> 01:41:11.114
Sorry, 11.
01:41:11.147 --> 01:41:12.848
I've taken Kyoto off the list
01:41:12.881 --> 01:41:16.685
due to its cultural significance
to the Japanese people.
01:41:16.718 --> 01:41:19.355
Also, my wife and I
honeymooned there.
01:41:19.388 --> 01:41:20.889
It's a magnificent city.
01:41:24.460 --> 01:41:26.162
Let me make this
simple for you, gentlemen.
01:41:26.195 --> 01:41:28.697
According to my intelligence,
which I cannot share with you,
01:41:28.730 --> 01:41:31.167
the Japanese people
will not surrender
01:41:31.200 --> 01:41:32.968
under any circumstances
01:41:33.001 --> 01:41:36.405
short of a successful and total
invasion of the home islands.
01:41:36.439 --> 01:41:39.408
Many lives will be lost,
American and Japanese.
01:41:39.442 --> 01:41:41.676
The use of the atomic bomb
on Japanese cities
01:41:41.710 --> 01:41:43.678
will save lives.
01:41:43.712 --> 01:41:46.014
If we retain moral advantage.
01:41:46.048 --> 01:41:48.184
-How so?
-Well, if we use this weapon
01:41:48.217 --> 01:41:51.154
without informing our allies,
they'll see it as a threat.
01:41:51.187 --> 01:41:52.355
And we'll be in an arms race.
01:41:52.388 --> 01:41:54.457
How open can we be
with the Soviets?
01:41:54.490 --> 01:41:56.058
BUSH:
Secrecy won't stop the Soviets
01:41:56.092 --> 01:41:58.461
from becoming part
of the atomic world.
01:41:58.494 --> 01:42:00.795
We've been told
they have no uranium.
01:42:00.829 --> 01:42:02.030
You've been misinformed.
01:42:02.064 --> 01:42:03.899
A Russian bomb
is a matter of time.
01:42:03.932 --> 01:42:07.336
The program needs to continue
at full pace after the war.
01:42:07.370 --> 01:42:09.971
Uh, Secretary Stimson,
if I may...
01:42:10.005 --> 01:42:14.009
Not all scientists
on the project are in agreement.
01:42:14.042 --> 01:42:16.912
In fact, this might be a moment
to consider other opinions.
01:42:16.945 --> 01:42:18.847
-If you talk a scientist in...
-GROVES: The Manhattan Project
01:42:18.880 --> 01:42:20.249
has been plagued from the start
01:42:20.283 --> 01:42:24.086
by certain scientists
of doubtful discretion
01:42:24.120 --> 01:42:25.188
and uncertain loyalty.
01:42:25.221 --> 01:42:27.456
One of them just tried to meet
with the president.
01:42:27.490 --> 01:42:29.325
Now, we need these men,
01:42:29.358 --> 01:42:30.892
but as soon as it's practical,
01:42:30.926 --> 01:42:33.196
we should sever any such
scientists from the program.
01:42:33.229 --> 01:42:34.796
Wouldn't you agree, Doctor?
01:42:35.931 --> 01:42:37.766
MARSHALL: If a Russian bomb
is inevitable,
01:42:37.799 --> 01:42:41.070
perhaps we should invite
their top scientists to Trinity.
01:42:41.103 --> 01:42:43.406
President Truman
has no intention
01:42:43.439 --> 01:42:45.006
of raising expectations
01:42:45.040 --> 01:42:47.842
that Stalin be included
in the atomic project.
01:42:47.876 --> 01:42:49.245
Informing him
of our breakthrough
01:42:49.278 --> 01:42:50.879
and presenting it as a means
to win the war
01:42:50.912 --> 01:42:53.815
need not make
unkeepable promises.
01:42:53.848 --> 01:42:55.384
But the Potsdam
peace conference in July
01:42:55.418 --> 01:42:57.320
will be President Truman's
last chance
01:42:57.353 --> 01:42:59.488
to have that conversation.
01:42:59.522 --> 01:43:01.424
Can you give us
a working bomb by then?
01:43:02.391 --> 01:43:06.128
Absolutely. We will test fire
before the conference.
01:43:06.995 --> 01:43:09.831
(suspenseful music playing)
01:43:10.865 --> 01:43:13.402
FRANK:
Ground zero observation posts
01:43:13.436 --> 01:43:14.903
at 10,000 yards
01:43:14.936 --> 01:43:17.106
north, south and west.
01:43:17.139 --> 01:43:20.443
-Where do we trigger from?
-Uh, south 10,000.
01:43:20.476 --> 01:43:23.812
And base camp
is ten miles south, here.
01:43:23.845 --> 01:43:26.781
And there's a further
observation post
01:43:26.815 --> 01:43:28.984
on-on that hill 20 miles away.
01:43:29.017 --> 01:43:31.987
What's that, Frank?
Trigger lines already went in.
01:43:32.020 --> 01:43:35.524
The Air Force requested
a line of lights for their B-29.
01:43:35.558 --> 01:43:37.993
What B-29?
Our bomb's on the tower.
01:43:38.026 --> 01:43:39.395
FRANK:
They want to use the test
01:43:39.428 --> 01:43:41.264
to confirm a safe
operating distance.
01:43:41.297 --> 01:43:42.531
That's risky.
01:43:42.565 --> 01:43:44.200
Not as risky as dropping one
over Japan
01:43:44.233 --> 01:43:46.001
and hoping that we were right
about the blast radius.
01:43:46.034 --> 01:43:48.137
Don't let them slow us down,
we're firing on the 15th.
01:43:48.170 --> 01:43:51.407
-The 15th? That's not...
-GROVES: The 15th.
01:43:51.440 --> 01:43:53.775
The 15th.
01:43:54.876 --> 01:43:56.811
ROBERT: So I'll be here
at South Observation point
01:43:56.845 --> 01:43:59.048
with Frank and Kistiakowsky.
01:43:59.081 --> 01:44:01.584
You'll all be assigned
to Base Camp,
01:44:01.617 --> 01:44:04.819
West Observation
or Far Observation.
01:44:04.853 --> 01:44:07.922
(suspenseful music continues)
01:44:14.463 --> 01:44:16.365
Whoa, whoa.
Careful with the knife.
01:44:16.399 --> 01:44:18.833
There, carefully.
01:44:19.934 --> 01:44:21.470
Are those safe distances?
01:44:21.504 --> 01:44:24.005
They're based
on your calculations.
01:44:24.039 --> 01:44:26.941
Time to stand behind
your science, Hans. Literally.
01:44:29.010 --> 01:44:31.147
(suspenseful music continues)
01:44:50.366 --> 01:44:51.833
KISTIAKOWSKY:
Yeah.
01:44:56.505 --> 01:44:58.341
What 'bout the radiation cloud?
01:44:58.374 --> 01:44:59.608
Without high winds,
01:44:59.642 --> 01:45:01.210
it should settle
within two to three miles.
01:45:01.243 --> 01:45:03.646
Evacuation measures
are in place.
01:45:03.679 --> 01:45:05.481
But we need good weather
for visibility,
01:45:05.514 --> 01:45:06.981
so it has to be fine.
01:45:08.084 --> 01:45:09.352
KISTIAKOWSKY:
Everybody out.
01:45:10.619 --> 01:45:12.921
(suspenseful music continues)
01:45:19.528 --> 01:45:20.663
We go on the night of the 15th.
01:45:20.696 --> 01:45:22.631
It's a hard deadline,
01:45:22.665 --> 01:45:25.967
so if anyone has anything,
speak now.
01:45:26.669 --> 01:45:28.002
Okay, stop, stop.
01:45:28.036 --> 01:45:29.904
Everybody, mattresses.
01:45:29.938 --> 01:45:32.006
Put the mattress underneath.
01:45:48.990 --> 01:45:51.893
Could use
a final implosion test.
01:45:52.595 --> 01:45:54.563
It couldn't hurt.
01:45:54.597 --> 01:45:56.098
Do it.
01:45:57.066 --> 01:45:59.368
Is there anything else
that might stop us?
01:45:59.402 --> 01:46:01.070
(thunder rumbling)
01:46:17.586 --> 01:46:20.222
(suspenseful music continues)
01:46:33.469 --> 01:46:36.372
It's happening, isn't it?
01:46:37.473 --> 01:46:39.241
I'll send a message.
01:46:40.109 --> 01:46:42.745
If it's gone our way,
01:46:42.778 --> 01:46:44.346
take in the sheets.
01:46:48.384 --> 01:46:49.418
Robert?
01:46:52.087 --> 01:46:53.522
Break a leg.
01:46:59.495 --> 01:47:01.664
(suspenseful music continues)
01:47:01.697 --> 01:47:04.133
(explosion)
01:47:07.303 --> 01:47:08.604
(mutters)
01:47:08.637 --> 01:47:10.539
(wind gusting)
01:47:35.764 --> 01:47:38.032
(wind whistling)
01:47:43.305 --> 01:47:44.440
(sighs)
01:47:52.147 --> 01:47:54.316
(thunder rumbling)
01:48:00.089 --> 01:48:03.225
Oppie's taken a very modest
three kilotons.
01:48:03.259 --> 01:48:05.628
-Teller's in with 45.
-RABI: 20.
01:48:05.661 --> 01:48:08.097
Twenty thousand tons of TNT,
01:48:08.130 --> 01:48:09.532
and does anyone want
the side action
01:48:09.565 --> 01:48:12.301
-on atmospheric ignition?
-(all laughing)
01:48:13.269 --> 01:48:16.205
Are you saying
we'll have to delay?
01:48:16.238 --> 01:48:17.406
I'm saying it would be prudent.
01:48:17.439 --> 01:48:18.674
This weather,
has it reached the site?
01:48:18.707 --> 01:48:20.543
(tense music playing)
01:48:20.576 --> 01:48:22.811
(thunder rumbling)
01:48:22.845 --> 01:48:24.480
(telephone ringing)
01:48:24.513 --> 01:48:26.482
Bethe is calling to tell you
the implosion test failed.
01:48:26.515 --> 01:48:28.150
ROBERT:
Hello, Hans.
01:48:28.183 --> 01:48:29.585
Yes, he's here.
01:48:30.419 --> 01:48:31.754
Yes.
01:48:31.787 --> 01:48:34.290
(thunder rumbling)
01:48:34.323 --> 01:48:35.524
-Is he wrong?
-No.
01:48:35.558 --> 01:48:37.459
-No?
-No.
01:48:38.294 --> 01:48:39.862
So we're about to fire a dud?
01:48:39.895 --> 01:48:41.363
-No.
-Explain.
01:48:41.397 --> 01:48:44.166
Well, I can't. I just...
I-I just know.
01:48:44.199 --> 01:48:45.868
I know the implosion lenses
will work.
01:48:45.901 --> 01:48:47.303
If we fire these detonators
01:48:47.336 --> 01:48:48.571
and they don't
trigger a reaction,
01:48:48.604 --> 01:48:50.272
two years' worth of plutonium
01:48:50.306 --> 01:48:51.707
will be scattered
across White Sands.
01:48:51.740 --> 01:48:55.644
A month of my salary against
ten bucks says it lights.
01:48:55.678 --> 01:48:57.680
-Jesus.
-(thunder rumbling)
01:48:57.713 --> 01:49:00.215
(tense music continues)
01:49:02.751 --> 01:49:05.888
WEATHERMAN: The wind's picking
up at zero, not the rain.
01:49:05.921 --> 01:49:07.356
Lightning's circling.
01:49:07.389 --> 01:49:08.824
You think it might be time
to tell your men
01:49:08.857 --> 01:49:11.760
to get away from the steel tower
with the atomic bomb?
01:49:11.794 --> 01:49:14.263
(laughter)
01:49:14.897 --> 01:49:16.865
Let's get to South Observation.
01:49:16.899 --> 01:49:18.367
Pull 'em out.
01:49:18.400 --> 01:49:19.802
ROBERT: We can make
our determination there.
01:49:19.835 --> 01:49:22.304
(tense music continues)
01:49:25.207 --> 01:49:27.209
The team hasn't slept
in two nights.
01:49:27.242 --> 01:49:29.244
If we stand down,
make the bomb safe,
01:49:29.278 --> 01:49:30.613
we won't be back here for weeks.
01:49:30.646 --> 01:49:32.314
Then we'll miss Potsdam.
01:49:32.348 --> 01:49:34.249
I gotta get word
to Truman by 7:00.
01:49:34.283 --> 01:49:35.517
Our window's closing.
01:49:35.551 --> 01:49:36.619
What is this doing?
01:49:36.652 --> 01:49:38.153
Raining, blowing, lightning.
01:49:38.187 --> 01:49:40.222
-For how long, damn it?
-It's holdin' strong.
01:49:40.255 --> 01:49:41.557
It'll break before dawn.
01:49:41.590 --> 01:49:43.258
-How could you know that?
-I know this desert.
01:49:43.292 --> 01:49:44.393
Storm cools overnight.
01:49:44.426 --> 01:49:46.228
Just before dawn,
the storm breaks.
01:49:46.261 --> 01:49:48.464
He could be right, but schedule
as late as possible.
01:49:48.497 --> 01:49:50.232
5:30!
01:49:50.265 --> 01:49:51.300
Sign your forecast.
01:49:51.333 --> 01:49:52.401
If you're wrong, I'll hang you.
01:49:52.434 --> 01:49:54.236
Frank, tell them all, 5:30.
01:49:54.269 --> 01:49:56.405
-5:30, 5:30.
-MAN: 5:30.
01:49:58.607 --> 01:50:03.545
Three years,
4,000 people, $2 billion.
01:50:03.579 --> 01:50:05.948
Well, if it doesn't go off...
(sighs)
01:50:05.981 --> 01:50:07.583
we're both finished.
01:50:08.651 --> 01:50:10.319
(thunder rumbling)
01:50:10.352 --> 01:50:12.321
I'm betting on three kilotons.
01:50:13.288 --> 01:50:14.723
Anything less,
they won't get what it is.
01:50:14.757 --> 01:50:19.328
What did Fermi mean
by "atmospheric ignition"?
01:50:19.361 --> 01:50:20.829
Well, we had a moment
where it looked like
01:50:20.863 --> 01:50:24.700
the chain reaction from an
atomic device might never stop.
01:50:25.934 --> 01:50:27.970
Setting fire to the atmosphere.
01:50:28.003 --> 01:50:29.972
Why is Fermi
still taking side bets on it?
01:50:30.005 --> 01:50:33.175
Call it gallows humor.
01:50:35.511 --> 01:50:38.313
Wait, are we saying
there's a chance
01:50:38.347 --> 01:50:40.215
that when we push that button,
01:50:40.249 --> 01:50:41.583
we destroy the world?
01:50:41.617 --> 01:50:43.786
Nothing in our research
over three years
01:50:43.819 --> 01:50:45.454
supports that conclusion.
01:50:45.487 --> 01:50:48.457
Except as the most
remote possibility.
01:50:48.490 --> 01:50:49.825
How remote?
01:50:49.858 --> 01:50:51.460
Chances are near zero.
01:50:52.795 --> 01:50:54.196
Near zero?
01:50:54.963 --> 01:50:57.533
What do you want
from theory alone?
01:50:57.566 --> 01:50:59.001
(scoffs)
01:50:59.034 --> 01:51:01.403
Zero would be nice.
01:51:04.707 --> 01:51:06.341
In exactly
01:51:06.375 --> 01:51:09.678
one hour, 58 minutes,
01:51:09.712 --> 01:51:11.246
we'll know.
01:51:17.286 --> 01:51:18.487
It's letting up.
01:51:19.755 --> 01:51:22.224
(tense music continues)
01:51:31.366 --> 01:51:33.736
The arming party's left Zero,
they're heading this way.
01:51:33.769 --> 01:51:34.737
Throwing the switches.
01:51:34.770 --> 01:51:35.871
Turn the cars.
01:51:35.904 --> 01:51:38.373
Ready for emergency evacuation.
01:51:42.344 --> 01:51:44.646
(tense music continues)
01:51:56.059 --> 01:51:57.292
ARMY CAPTAIN:
...welder's glass.
01:51:57.326 --> 01:51:58.894
Everybody take your places.
01:51:58.927 --> 01:52:01.430
Everybody take a welder's glass.
01:52:02.931 --> 01:52:04.800
Everybody take a welder's glass.
01:52:24.386 --> 01:52:27.556
(tense music continues)
01:52:54.449 --> 01:52:55.984
(timer ticking)
01:52:56.018 --> 01:52:57.419
Twenty minutes.
01:53:00.923 --> 01:53:02.758
Twenty minutes.
01:53:13.936 --> 01:53:15.470
That's 20.
01:53:18.473 --> 01:53:19.942
On the leg, please.
01:53:21.476 --> 01:53:23.979
-Feynman.
-No.
01:53:24.012 --> 01:53:25.981
The glass. Stops the U.V.
01:53:26.014 --> 01:53:27.816
And what stops the glass?
01:53:28.817 --> 01:53:31.787
I'm gonna head to base camp.
Best of luck.
01:53:32.921 --> 01:53:34.456
Robert.
01:53:35.058 --> 01:53:36.892
Try not to blow up the world.
01:53:40.462 --> 01:53:42.664
(tense music building)
01:53:48.770 --> 01:53:49.872
Watch that needle.
01:53:49.905 --> 01:53:51.473
If the detonators don't charge
01:53:51.506 --> 01:53:53.442
or the voltage drops
below one volt,
01:53:53.475 --> 01:53:55.477
you hit that button, you abort.
01:53:55.510 --> 01:53:57.813
-Understood?
-Understood.
01:54:02.918 --> 01:54:04.486
(rocket hissing)
01:54:05.221 --> 01:54:07.756
MAN (on speaker):
Two minutes to detonation.
01:54:07.789 --> 01:54:09.758
Everybody down.
01:54:09.791 --> 01:54:10.759
Do not turn around
01:54:10.792 --> 01:54:13.862
until you see light
reflected on the hills.
01:54:13.896 --> 01:54:15.030
Then look at the explosion
01:54:15.064 --> 01:54:16.698
only through
your welder's glass.
01:54:16.732 --> 01:54:19.434
MAN (on speaker):
Ninety seconds to detonation.
01:54:21.070 --> 01:54:23.906
Ninety seconds to detonation.
01:54:23.939 --> 01:54:26.041
Is it rubbed in?
01:54:26.075 --> 01:54:27.442
Yeah.
01:54:33.782 --> 01:54:36.885
MAN (on speaker):
Sixty seconds to detonation.
01:54:38.154 --> 01:54:40.923
(intense music playing)
01:54:51.566 --> 01:54:53.802
These things are hard
on your heart.
01:54:53.835 --> 01:54:55.537
MAN (on speaker):
Thirty seconds.
01:54:58.141 --> 01:54:59.841
(charging up)
01:55:00.642 --> 01:55:02.044
Detonators charged.
01:55:03.246 --> 01:55:06.715
(intense music continues)
01:55:12.188 --> 01:55:15.657
MAN (on speaker):
Seventeen, sixteen,
01:55:15.691 --> 01:55:16.858
fifteen,
01:55:16.892 --> 01:55:18.061
fourteen,
01:55:18.094 --> 01:55:19.895
thirteen,
01:55:19.928 --> 01:55:22.098
twelve,
01:55:22.131 --> 01:55:23.799
eleven,
01:55:23.832 --> 01:55:25.801
ten,
01:55:25.834 --> 01:55:28.237
nine,
01:55:28.271 --> 01:55:30.239
eight,
01:55:30.273 --> 01:55:32.841
seven,
01:55:32.874 --> 01:55:35.244
-six...
-(intense music building)
01:55:35.278 --> 01:55:36.745
...five...
01:55:38.747 --> 01:55:41.217
...four...
01:55:41.250 --> 01:55:43.186
three...
01:55:43.219 --> 01:55:44.753
two...
01:55:46.055 --> 01:55:47.123
-...one.
-(music stops)
01:55:47.156 --> 01:55:49.891
(silence)
01:55:51.026 --> 01:55:53.528
(breathing heavily)
01:56:00.802 --> 01:56:03.805
(both gasp)
01:56:06.175 --> 01:56:08.610
(exhales)
01:56:08.643 --> 01:56:10.579
(whispers):
Poof.
01:56:13.249 --> 01:56:15.051
(breathing heavily)
01:56:28.697 --> 01:56:31.533
(faint pensive music playing)
01:56:43.212 --> 01:56:44.946
(continues breathing heavily)
01:56:54.689 --> 01:56:58.593
(breathing heavily)
01:57:00.363 --> 01:57:03.031
(faint pensive music continues)
01:57:19.382 --> 01:57:22.751
ROBERT:
"And now I am become Death.
01:57:24.653 --> 01:57:26.822
The destroyer of worlds."
01:57:29.425 --> 01:57:30.859
(explosion)
01:57:30.892 --> 01:57:32.828
(rumbling)
01:57:37.966 --> 01:57:39.668
(silence)
01:57:41.337 --> 01:57:43.306
(explosion)
01:57:43.339 --> 01:57:46.375
(rumbling)
01:57:46.409 --> 01:57:47.843
(silence)
01:57:49.145 --> 01:57:51.280
(distant explosion)
01:57:51.314 --> 01:57:53.014
(distant rumbling)
01:57:54.283 --> 01:57:55.750
(rumbling)
01:57:59.821 --> 01:58:01.190
FRANK:
It worked.
01:58:03.825 --> 01:58:05.161
(rumbling subsides)
01:58:08.397 --> 01:58:10.366
(muffled laughter)
01:58:10.399 --> 01:58:13.034
(all cheering and applauding)
01:58:23.479 --> 01:58:25.914
(mellow music playing)
01:58:30.919 --> 01:58:32.954
-(playing triumphant beat)
-(all cheering)
01:58:34.856 --> 01:58:36.392
(whooping excitedly)
01:58:36.425 --> 01:58:38.427
-You owe me ten dollars!
-Oh!
01:58:38.461 --> 01:58:40.729
(laughs)
01:58:40.762 --> 01:58:41.897
-Come on!
-Hang on.
01:58:41.930 --> 01:58:43.366
I'm good for it, Kisty.
01:58:43.399 --> 01:58:45.700
-(both laughing)
-You are.
01:58:45.734 --> 01:58:48.437
Yes, you are! (laughs)
01:58:48.471 --> 01:58:51.174
(cheering and applauding)
01:58:53.442 --> 01:58:55.810
(mellow music continues)
01:59:12.528 --> 01:59:14.063
ROBERT:
Well done.
01:59:15.764 --> 01:59:18.301
We did it! We did it!
01:59:18.334 --> 01:59:20.236
Well done.
01:59:25.040 --> 01:59:26.875
-Get me Potsdam right away.
-Yes, sir.
01:59:26.908 --> 01:59:29.111
(cheering continues)
01:59:38.354 --> 01:59:40.122
Get a message to Kitty.
01:59:40.156 --> 01:59:40.855
We can't say anything.
01:59:40.889 --> 01:59:42.824
Tell her to take in the sheets.
01:59:50.832 --> 01:59:52.368
We did it, everyone!
01:59:52.401 --> 01:59:55.003
-(telephone ringing)
-(baby crying)
01:59:57.240 --> 01:59:59.040
(shushes) Hello?
01:59:59.075 --> 02:00:01.510
-CHARLOTTE: Hi, Kitty?
-What, what? Charlotte...
02:00:01.544 --> 02:00:02.911
Charlotte, go ahead, go ahead.
02:00:02.944 --> 02:00:04.313
Oh, um, well, I don't know,
02:00:04.347 --> 02:00:07.550
he just said to tell you
to "bring in the sheets."
02:00:07.583 --> 02:00:10.219
(baby continues crying)
02:00:10.253 --> 02:00:11.820
Kitty?
02:00:12.921 --> 02:00:15.358
Kitty?
Kitty, are you still there?
02:00:22.265 --> 02:00:24.400
ROBERT: If they detonate it
too high in the air,
02:00:24.433 --> 02:00:25.800
the blast won't be as powerful.
02:00:25.834 --> 02:00:27.869
With respect, Dr. Oppenheimer,
02:00:27.902 --> 02:00:29.938
we'll take it from here.
02:00:31.307 --> 02:00:34.310
(disquieting music playing)
02:00:40.182 --> 02:00:43.085
Did Truman brief Stalin
at Potsdam?
02:00:43.119 --> 02:00:45.854
A brief would be
an overstatement.
02:00:45.887 --> 02:00:49.958
He referred
to a powerful new weapon.
02:00:49.991 --> 02:00:55.064
Stalin hoped we'd use it
against Japan.
02:00:56.299 --> 02:00:58.033
That's it?
02:00:58.067 --> 02:01:01.304
Robert, we've given them an ace,
it's for them to play the hand.
02:01:03.439 --> 02:01:05.541
You're aiming for the 6th?
02:01:05.574 --> 02:01:07.876
It's up to the CO
in the Pacific.
02:01:09.211 --> 02:01:11.280
Shall I come with you
to Washington?
02:01:12.881 --> 02:01:14.116
What for?
02:01:16.385 --> 02:01:17.986
Well, you'll keep me informed.
02:01:19.322 --> 02:01:20.955
Of course.
02:01:22.525 --> 02:01:24.126
As best I can.
02:01:24.160 --> 02:01:25.927
(engine revs)
02:01:41.544 --> 02:01:44.413
Would the Japanese surrender
if they knew what was coming?
02:01:45.648 --> 02:01:47.249
I don't know.
02:01:49.652 --> 02:01:51.654
TELLER: Have you seen
Szilard's petition?
02:01:51.687 --> 02:01:54.423
What the hell does Szilard
know about the Japanese?
02:01:54.457 --> 02:01:55.658
You're not signing it, are you?
02:01:55.691 --> 02:01:59.095
Many people have.
A lot of people have.
02:01:59.128 --> 02:02:00.262
Edward.
02:02:01.530 --> 02:02:03.199
The fact that we built this bomb
02:02:03.232 --> 02:02:06.235
does not give us any more...
any more right or responsibility
02:02:06.268 --> 02:02:08.371
to decide how it's used
than anyone else.
02:02:08.404 --> 02:02:10.406
But we're the only people
who know about it.
02:02:10.439 --> 02:02:14.008
I've told Stimson the various
opinions of the community.
02:02:14.042 --> 02:02:15.444
But what's your opinion?
02:02:16.679 --> 02:02:18.214
Once it's used...
02:02:19.315 --> 02:02:23.017
...nuclear war,
perhaps all war...
02:02:24.620 --> 02:02:26.055
...becomes unthinkable.
02:02:26.088 --> 02:02:29.091
Until somebody
builds a bigger bomb.
02:02:49.678 --> 02:02:51.414
I thought they would call.
02:02:51.447 --> 02:02:53.014
It's only the 5th.
02:02:55.184 --> 02:02:57.186
In Japan, it's the 6th.
02:03:10.332 --> 02:03:11.333
Charlotte.
02:03:13.669 --> 02:03:15.371
Try Groves.
02:03:16.372 --> 02:03:17.440
Anything?
02:03:19.742 --> 02:03:21.110
Charlotte?
02:03:21.143 --> 02:03:22.445
CHARLOTTE:
Truman's on the radio.
02:03:23.379 --> 02:03:26.282
TRUMAN (on radio):
Sixteen hours ago,
02:03:26.315 --> 02:03:32.221
an American airplane dropped
one bomb on Hiroshima...
02:03:33.255 --> 02:03:36.392
...and destroyed its usefulness
to the enemy.
02:03:36.425 --> 02:03:38.327
(elated laughter outside)
02:03:38.360 --> 02:03:44.233
The bomb had more power
than 20,000 tons of TNT.
02:03:45.701 --> 02:03:48.170
It is an atomic bomb.
02:03:48.204 --> 02:03:51.340
-(excited chatter)
-(car horns honking)
02:03:51.373 --> 02:03:52.741
It is a harnessing
02:03:52.775 --> 02:03:55.544
of the basic powers
of the universe.
02:03:57.580 --> 02:03:59.215
CHARLOTTE:
Groves on one.
02:03:59.248 --> 02:04:02.284
TRUMAN: We are now prepared
to destroy more rapidly
02:04:02.318 --> 02:04:04.620
and completely the Japanese...
02:04:04.653 --> 02:04:06.322
ROBERT:
(clears throat) General?
02:04:06.355 --> 02:04:09.391
GROVES: I'm very proud of you
and all of your people.
02:04:09.425 --> 02:04:10.759
It went all right?
02:04:10.793 --> 02:04:13.762
Apparently, it went
with a tremendous bang.
02:04:13.796 --> 02:04:15.431
ROBERT:
Well,
02:04:15.464 --> 02:04:18.400
everyone here is feeling
reasonably good about it.
02:04:19.835 --> 02:04:21.470
It's been a long road.
02:04:21.504 --> 02:04:24.306
GROVES: I think one of
the wisest things I ever did
02:04:24.340 --> 02:04:27.376
was when I selected
the director of Los Alamos.
02:04:27.409 --> 02:04:29.712
-(cheering)
-(car horns honking)
02:04:29.745 --> 02:04:32.081
TRUMAN:
We have spent
02:04:32.114 --> 02:04:34.116
more than $2 billion
02:04:34.149 --> 02:04:38.387
on the greatest
scientific gamble in history,
02:04:38.420 --> 02:04:41.257
and we have won.
02:04:41.290 --> 02:04:44.059
(cheering)
02:04:44.793 --> 02:04:47.496
CROWD (chanting):
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
02:04:47.530 --> 02:04:49.532
Oppie! Oppie!
02:04:49.565 --> 02:04:52.768
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
02:04:52.801 --> 02:04:54.637
Oppie! Oppie!
02:04:54.670 --> 02:04:57.439
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
02:04:57.473 --> 02:05:00.809
-Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
-(applause)
02:05:00.843 --> 02:05:05.447
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
02:05:05.481 --> 02:05:06.815
Oppie! Oppie!
02:05:06.849 --> 02:05:09.418
Oppie! Oppie! Oppie! Oppie!
02:05:09.451 --> 02:05:12.321
(rhythmic stomping)
02:05:13.188 --> 02:05:16.191
(stomping intensifying)
02:05:29.405 --> 02:05:32.241
-(stomping subsides)
-(cheering continues)
02:06:06.175 --> 02:06:08.477
(breathing heavily)
02:06:08.510 --> 02:06:09.612
The world...
02:06:11.614 --> 02:06:12.748
...will remember this day.
02:06:12.781 --> 02:06:15.150
(cheering and applauding)
02:06:23.792 --> 02:06:26.462
(muffled distant rumbling)
02:06:31.667 --> 02:06:33.402
It's too soon to...
02:06:34.269 --> 02:06:35.938
It's too soon to determine
02:06:35.971 --> 02:06:38.340
what the results
of the bombing are.
02:06:41.276 --> 02:06:42.878
But I'll bet the Japanese
didn't like it.
02:06:42.911 --> 02:06:45.447
(cheering and applauding)
02:06:51.687 --> 02:06:53.288
-(woman screams)
-(cheering sound muted)
02:06:53.322 --> 02:06:54.857
(distant rumbling continues)
02:06:54.890 --> 02:06:57.526
(Robert breathing heavily)
02:07:03.766 --> 02:07:05.300
I'm so proud.
02:07:06.435 --> 02:07:08.570
So proud of what
you have accomplished.
02:07:09.938 --> 02:07:12.207
(continues breathing heavily)
02:07:14.877 --> 02:07:18.714
I just wish we had it in time
to use against the Germans.
02:07:24.253 --> 02:07:26.655
(continues breathing heavily)
02:07:26.689 --> 02:07:28.757
(wind howling)
02:07:41.336 --> 02:07:42.571
(jarring musical sting)
02:07:42.604 --> 02:07:45.441
-(cheering sound returns)
-(hearty laughter)
02:07:56.652 --> 02:07:58.520
(somber music playing)
02:08:06.895 --> 02:08:09.264
(sobbing)
02:08:29.052 --> 02:08:32.055
(man weeping)
02:08:32.088 --> 02:08:34.323
(laughter)
02:08:34.990 --> 02:08:37.526
(somber music continues)
02:09:00.449 --> 02:09:02.551
(somber music fading out)
02:09:08.557 --> 02:09:10.425
WOMAN:
Dr. Oppenheimer?
02:09:11.026 --> 02:09:13.328
Dr. Oppenheimer? (chuckles)
02:09:13.362 --> 02:09:15.030
-Nice picture.
-Oh.
02:09:15.064 --> 02:09:17.399
President Truman
will see you now.
02:09:20.103 --> 02:09:21.737
(clears throat)
02:09:31.114 --> 02:09:33.949
Dr. Oppenheimer. It's an honor.
02:09:33.982 --> 02:09:35.918
-Mr. President.
-TRUMAN: Please.
02:09:35.951 --> 02:09:37.753
Thank you.
02:09:37.786 --> 02:09:39.321
Secretary Byrnes.
02:09:40.522 --> 02:09:42.524
How's it feel to be
02:09:42.558 --> 02:09:44.593
the most famous man
in the world?
02:09:45.594 --> 02:09:48.664
You helped save a lot
of American lives.
02:09:48.697 --> 02:09:51.067
What we did
at Hiroshima was a...
02:09:51.100 --> 02:09:53.035
And Nagasaki.
02:09:53.069 --> 02:09:55.071
Well, obviously.
02:09:55.104 --> 02:09:59.041
Your invention let us
bring our boys home.
02:09:59.075 --> 02:10:02.444
Well, it was hardly
my invention.
02:10:02.477 --> 02:10:04.746
It was you on the cover of Time.
02:10:04.780 --> 02:10:07.583
(both chuckling)
02:10:07.616 --> 02:10:09.152
Jim tells me you're concerned
02:10:09.185 --> 02:10:10.953
about an arms race
with the Soviets.
02:10:10.986 --> 02:10:13.355
Uh, yes, uh...
02:10:14.057 --> 02:10:15.557
Well, um,
02:10:15.591 --> 02:10:20.696
it's that, uh, now is
our chance to secure
02:10:20.729 --> 02:10:23.599
international cooperation on
(clears throat) atomic energy,
02:10:23.632 --> 02:10:26.668
and... and I'm concerned...
02:10:26.702 --> 02:10:28.937
Do you know when the Soviets
are gonna have the bomb?
02:10:28.971 --> 02:10:30.906
I don't think I could give a...
02:10:30.939 --> 02:10:32.342
Never.
02:10:32.975 --> 02:10:34.610
Never.
02:10:34.643 --> 02:10:37.813
Mr. President, the-the Russians
have good physicists
02:10:37.846 --> 02:10:39.481
and-and...
and abundant resources.
02:10:39.514 --> 02:10:41.617
-Abundant? (laughs)
-Yes.
02:10:41.650 --> 02:10:44.920
-I don't think so.
-(chuckles)
02:10:44.953 --> 02:10:48.490
Well, they'll-they'll put
everything they have and...
02:10:51.760 --> 02:10:55.631
I hear you're leaving
Los Alamos.
02:10:56.899 --> 02:10:58.000
What should we do with it?
02:10:58.033 --> 02:11:00.535
Give it back to the Indians.
02:11:07.943 --> 02:11:11.180
Um... Dr. Oppenheimer, (sighs)
02:11:11.214 --> 02:11:13.548
if what you say about
the Soviets is true,
02:11:13.582 --> 02:11:16.985
we have to build up Los Alamos,
02:11:17.019 --> 02:11:18.921
not shut it down.
02:11:22.158 --> 02:11:23.959
Uh, Mr. President...
02:11:25.027 --> 02:11:26.528
Um...
02:11:29.198 --> 02:11:32.868
I feel that I have blood
on my hands.
02:11:33.969 --> 02:11:36.972
(disquieting music playing)
02:11:52.654 --> 02:11:57.960
You think anyone
in Hiroshima or Nagasaki
02:11:57.993 --> 02:12:01.029
gives a shit who built the bomb?
02:12:04.200 --> 02:12:06.568
They care who dropped it.
02:12:07.270 --> 02:12:09.538
I did.
02:12:10.772 --> 02:12:13.742
Hiroshima isn't about you.
02:12:16.745 --> 02:12:18.081
(sniffs)
02:12:19.881 --> 02:12:22.017
Dr. Oppenheimer.
02:12:25.288 --> 02:12:26.755
(Truman clears throat)
02:12:32.961 --> 02:12:35.764
TRUMAN: Don't let that crybaby
back in here.
02:12:40.869 --> 02:12:43.905
STRAUSS: Robert saw that
hand-wringing got him nowhere.
02:12:43.939 --> 02:12:47.276
By the time I'd met him,
he'd fully embraced
02:12:47.310 --> 02:12:49.878
his "father of the bomb"
reputation.
02:12:49.911 --> 02:12:52.315
Used his profile
to influence policy.
02:12:52.348 --> 02:12:54.883
(clamoring)
02:13:01.790 --> 02:13:03.159
ROBB: Doctor, in the years
following the war,
02:13:03.192 --> 02:13:05.328
would you say that
you exerted a great influence
02:13:05.361 --> 02:13:07.163
on the atomic policies
of the USA?
02:13:07.196 --> 02:13:09.898
ROBERT: I think great
would be an overstatement.
02:13:09.931 --> 02:13:11.900
ROBB: Really? If we look
at the issue of isotopes,
02:13:11.933 --> 02:13:13.635
were you not
personally responsible
02:13:13.668 --> 02:13:15.704
for destroying all opposition
to their export?
02:13:15.737 --> 02:13:18.607
-Could use a-a bottle of beer...
-(laughter)
02:13:18.640 --> 02:13:20.309
...when making atomic weapons.
In fact, you do.
02:13:20.343 --> 02:13:22.811
I was the spokesman,
but the-the opinion
02:13:22.844 --> 02:13:24.646
among scientists was unanimous.
02:13:24.679 --> 02:13:26.349
All along with McCarthy
on the rise,
02:13:26.382 --> 02:13:27.783
he knew he was vulnerable.
02:13:27.816 --> 02:13:29.185
His brother was blacklisted
02:13:29.218 --> 02:13:32.121
by every university
in the country.
02:13:33.222 --> 02:13:36.059
Lomanitz wound up working
the railroad, laying track.
02:13:38.660 --> 02:13:40.096
And Chevalier went into exile.
02:13:43.232 --> 02:13:44.666
But none of that
02:13:44.699 --> 02:13:46.668
stopped Robert
from pushing the GAC
02:13:46.701 --> 02:13:49.571
to recommend arms control
instead of the H-bomb.
02:13:51.374 --> 02:13:52.841
He was devastated
02:13:52.874 --> 02:13:54.943
when Truman rejected
their recommendation.
02:13:56.678 --> 02:13:59.215
I miss Richard
more than I can bear.
02:13:59.248 --> 02:14:01.016
I know, Ruth, I know.
02:14:01.050 --> 02:14:04.153
Part of me's glad he didn't live
to see where this is all going.
02:14:06.922 --> 02:14:08.357
ROBERT:
Here comes the birthday boy.
02:14:08.391 --> 02:14:10.992
-To gloat.
-RUTH: Have fun.
02:14:11.993 --> 02:14:14.363
Robert, uh, my son and his
fiancée are desperate to meet
02:14:14.397 --> 02:14:16.365
the father of the atomic bomb,
and so...
02:14:16.399 --> 02:14:19.202
Well. Good day.
02:14:25.274 --> 02:14:27.376
Is this a bad time?
02:14:27.410 --> 02:14:28.910
What do you think, Lewis?
02:14:28.944 --> 02:14:31.012
Well, I think it must have
been a blow for you.
02:14:31.046 --> 02:14:33.182
For the world.
02:14:33.216 --> 02:14:34.850
The world?
02:14:34.883 --> 02:14:38.854
What does Fuchs mean
to the rest of the world?
02:14:38.887 --> 02:14:40.289
Fuchs?
02:14:40.323 --> 02:14:41.923
Klaus Fuchs?
02:14:43.359 --> 02:14:45.760
Oh, dear. You haven't heard.
02:14:47.430 --> 02:14:48.897
(sighs)
02:14:48.930 --> 02:14:50.799
Klaus Fuchs, the British
scientist that you put
02:14:50.832 --> 02:14:53.869
onto the implosion team
at Los Alamos,
02:14:53.902 --> 02:14:56.037
turns out he was...
02:14:56.072 --> 02:14:59.342
he was spying for the Soviets
the whole time.
02:14:59.375 --> 02:15:00.909
I'm sorry.
02:15:03.912 --> 02:15:06.047
(brooding music playing)
02:15:06.082 --> 02:15:08.984
After the truth
about Fuchs came out,
02:15:09.017 --> 02:15:11.120
the FBI stepped up
surveillance on him.
02:15:11.154 --> 02:15:15.023
He knew his phone was tapped,
he was followed everywhere...
02:15:16.392 --> 02:15:17.826
...his trash picked through.
02:15:21.830 --> 02:15:23.299
But never stopped
speaking his mind.
02:15:23.332 --> 02:15:26.001
A man of conviction.
02:15:26.034 --> 02:15:28.870
And maybe he thought fame
could actually protect him.
02:15:30.373 --> 02:15:33.808
When Eisenhower took office,
he saw one more chance.
02:15:35.211 --> 02:15:36.245
He took it.
02:15:36.279 --> 02:15:38.747
America and Russia
02:15:38.780 --> 02:15:43.052
may be likened
to two scorpions in a bottle,
02:15:43.085 --> 02:15:46.455
each capable
of killing the other
02:15:46.489 --> 02:15:49.192
but only at the risk
of his own life.
02:15:49.225 --> 02:15:51.993
Now, there are various aspects
of this policy...
02:15:52.027 --> 02:15:54.029
STRAUSS:
Lot of scientists blame me,
02:15:54.063 --> 02:15:57.200
but how was I supposed
to protect him?
02:15:57.233 --> 02:15:59.202
...too secret for discussion,
02:15:59.235 --> 02:16:01.237
candor is the only remedy.
02:16:01.270 --> 02:16:02.804
Officials in Washington
02:16:02.837 --> 02:16:04.340
need to start leveling
with the American people.
02:16:04.373 --> 02:16:06.007
(people murmuring)
02:16:06.041 --> 02:16:08.877
That was the last straw
for Robert's enemies.
02:16:08.910 --> 02:16:10.946
So he had to lose
his security clearance.
02:16:10.979 --> 02:16:13.748
-And with it, his credibility.
-(knocking)
02:16:13.782 --> 02:16:16.185
But how could they do it?
02:16:16.219 --> 02:16:17.486
He was a war hero.
02:16:17.520 --> 02:16:19.222
He'd already told everyone
about his past.
02:16:19.255 --> 02:16:21.224
Borden dredged it all up.
02:16:21.257 --> 02:16:24.493
How could Borden get access
to Oppenheimer's FBI file?
02:16:24.527 --> 02:16:26.095
Could it have been Nichols?
02:16:26.128 --> 02:16:28.431
No, I can't imagine
he'd do that.
02:16:28.464 --> 02:16:30.499
But whoever did
unleashed a firestorm
02:16:30.533 --> 02:16:32.535
that burned a path
from the White House
02:16:32.568 --> 02:16:35.238
back to my desk at the AEC.
02:16:35.271 --> 02:16:37.106
You see them in there, right?
02:16:37.139 --> 02:16:41.009
I've been working
my whole life to get here.
02:16:41.042 --> 02:16:43.079
Cabinet of
the United States of America.
02:16:43.112 --> 02:16:45.046
Now, in front
of the entire country,
02:16:45.081 --> 02:16:47.149
they're gonna put me
back in my place.
02:16:48.584 --> 02:16:51.254
A lowly shoe salesman.
02:16:51.287 --> 02:16:53.122
Lewis, we can win this thing.
02:16:53.155 --> 02:16:55.224
I-I think we can
get the Senate to grasp
02:16:55.258 --> 02:16:58.060
that you did your duty,
painful though it was.
02:16:58.094 --> 02:16:59.861
Now, will Hill's testimony
back us up?
02:16:59.894 --> 02:17:01.863
-COUNSEL: Hill will be fine.
-I don't really know him,
02:17:01.896 --> 02:17:04.066
but, uh, he was one
of Szilard's boys in Chicago,
02:17:04.100 --> 02:17:06.135
and they never forgave Robert
for not supporting
02:17:06.168 --> 02:17:08.571
their petition
against bombing Japan.
02:17:08.604 --> 02:17:13.808
This was taken 31 days
after the bombing.
02:17:13.842 --> 02:17:16.579
Virtually everyone
in the street,
02:17:16.612 --> 02:17:18.847
for nearly a mile around,
02:17:18.880 --> 02:17:22.084
was instantly
and seriously burned.
02:17:22.118 --> 02:17:23.286
(people gasping)
02:17:23.319 --> 02:17:27.856
The, uh, Japanese spoke of
people who wore striped clothing
02:17:27.889 --> 02:17:30.859
upon whom the skin
was burned in stripes.
02:17:31.926 --> 02:17:34.297
There were many
who thought themselves lucky,
02:17:34.330 --> 02:17:37.032
who climbed out of the ruins
of their homes
02:17:37.066 --> 02:17:38.933
only slightly injured.
02:17:40.069 --> 02:17:41.836
But they died anyway.
02:17:42.505 --> 02:17:45.608
They died days or weeks later
02:17:45.641 --> 02:17:48.977
from the radium-like rays
emitted in great numbers
02:17:49.010 --> 02:17:50.912
at the moment of the explosion.
02:17:52.114 --> 02:17:54.183
Did you read this crap
in the papers?
02:17:54.216 --> 02:17:57.018
A British physicist is saying
the atomic bombings
02:17:57.053 --> 02:17:59.221
were not the last act
of World War II
02:17:59.255 --> 02:18:02.391
but the first act
of this cold war with Russia.
02:18:02.425 --> 02:18:03.892
Which physicist?
02:18:03.925 --> 02:18:05.328
I think you knew him.
02:18:05.361 --> 02:18:06.961
Patrick Blackett.
02:18:08.197 --> 02:18:09.398
(scoffs)
02:18:09.432 --> 02:18:10.999
ROBERT:
He may not be wrong.
02:18:11.032 --> 02:18:12.368
Stimson is now telling me
02:18:12.401 --> 02:18:15.638
we bombed an enemy
that was essentially defeated.
02:18:15.671 --> 02:18:19.208
TELLER: Robert,
you've all the influence now.
02:18:19.241 --> 02:18:20.942
Please.
02:18:20.975 --> 02:18:23.079
Urge them to continue
my research on the Super.
02:18:23.112 --> 02:18:24.480
I neither can nor will, Edward.
02:18:24.513 --> 02:18:26.615
Why not?
02:18:26.649 --> 02:18:28.351
It's not the right use
of our resources.
02:18:28.384 --> 02:18:30.486
Is that what you really believe?
02:18:30.519 --> 02:18:32.887
J. Robert Oppenheimer.
02:18:32.921 --> 02:18:35.324
Sphinx-like guru of the atom.
02:18:36.625 --> 02:18:38.394
Nobody knows what you believe.
02:18:39.495 --> 02:18:41.364
Do you? Hmm?
02:18:41.397 --> 02:18:44.100
GROVES: One final time,
our program director,
02:18:44.133 --> 02:18:46.102
Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
02:18:46.135 --> 02:18:47.269
(applause)
02:18:47.303 --> 02:18:49.071
ROBERT:
I hope that in years to come
02:18:49.105 --> 02:18:53.109
you will look back
on your work here with pride.
02:18:53.142 --> 02:18:55.511
But today, that pride
must be tempered
02:18:55.544 --> 02:18:57.879
with a profound concern.
02:18:59.148 --> 02:19:00.949
If atomic weapons
are to be added
02:19:00.982 --> 02:19:03.386
to the arsenals
of a warring world,
02:19:03.419 --> 02:19:06.988
then the day will come
when people will curse
02:19:07.021 --> 02:19:08.424
the name of Los Alamos.
02:19:12.428 --> 02:19:14.530
Uh, sorry, Admiral.
02:19:14.563 --> 02:19:16.565
Stopped off to get this.
02:19:16.599 --> 02:19:19.402
It seems pretty favorable.
02:19:19.435 --> 02:19:20.536
COUNSEL:
There's Oppenheimer.
02:19:20.569 --> 02:19:22.138
What's the caption?
02:19:22.171 --> 02:19:25.006
Uh, "J. Robert Oppenheimer,
Strauss fought..."
02:19:25.039 --> 02:19:26.542
(soft music plays)
02:19:26.575 --> 02:19:28.144
"...and the US won."
02:19:28.977 --> 02:19:30.246
That'll work.
02:19:30.279 --> 02:19:32.515
Those were your words
from the other day.
02:19:32.548 --> 02:19:33.948
We needed to pivot.
02:19:33.982 --> 02:19:35.251
But how would you know
02:19:35.284 --> 02:19:37.086
what Time magazine's
gonna write?
02:19:37.119 --> 02:19:39.355
Henry Luce is a friend.
02:19:45.494 --> 02:19:48.997
You sat here and let me
tell you how it's done,
02:19:49.030 --> 02:19:51.700
but you've been
far ahead all along.
02:19:51.734 --> 02:19:54.703
Survival in Washington
02:19:54.737 --> 02:19:57.072
is about knowing
how to get things done.
02:19:57.706 --> 02:19:59.108
SENATE AIDE:
Right.
02:20:00.709 --> 02:20:02.445
What was it you said
about Borden?
02:20:02.478 --> 02:20:05.481
"Why get caught
holding the knife yourself?"
02:20:05.514 --> 02:20:07.283
(sighs)
02:20:07.316 --> 02:20:10.319
I'm beginning to think Borden
was holding the knife for you.
02:20:12.388 --> 02:20:14.623
It's gonna come down
to how much influence
02:20:14.657 --> 02:20:16.725
Borden's been able
to exert on Teller.
02:20:16.759 --> 02:20:19.195
-(Kitty laughing)
-Did I say something funny?
02:20:19.228 --> 02:20:20.596
Just "Borden, Borden, Borden"
02:20:20.629 --> 02:20:24.400
when we all know
that it's Strauss.
02:20:24.433 --> 02:20:26.402
Lewis brought me
to Princeton, Kitty.
02:20:26.435 --> 02:20:29.138
And then you humiliated him
in front of Congress.
02:20:29.171 --> 02:20:32.006
But more useful than a sandwich.
02:20:32.040 --> 02:20:34.176
(laughter)
02:20:35.177 --> 02:20:36.345
-How'd I do?
-MAN: I'll call recess,
02:20:36.378 --> 02:20:37.480
ten minutes.
02:20:37.513 --> 02:20:39.748
Maybe a little too well, Robert.
02:20:39.782 --> 02:20:41.015
That was six years ago.
02:20:41.050 --> 02:20:42.751
You know, the truly vindictive,
02:20:42.785 --> 02:20:44.386
patient as saints.
02:20:44.420 --> 02:20:47.223
Strauss has been perfectly
clear that he is neutral.
02:20:47.256 --> 02:20:50.759
-(glass shatters)
-Wake up. It is Strauss.
02:20:50.793 --> 02:20:53.729
It's always been Strauss,
and you know it.
02:20:53.762 --> 02:20:55.397
Why won't you fight him?
02:20:56.432 --> 02:20:57.633
Christ's sake.
02:20:57.666 --> 02:20:58.701
(door slams)
02:20:58.734 --> 02:21:01.403
It wasn't Nichols or Hoover
02:21:01.437 --> 02:21:03.105
or one of Truman's guys.
It was you.
02:21:03.138 --> 02:21:05.107
You gave the file to Borden.
02:21:05.140 --> 02:21:06.775
You set him on Oppenheimer.
02:21:06.809 --> 02:21:09.245
-You convinced him to...
-(loudly): Borden...
02:21:09.278 --> 02:21:11.180
(in normal tone):
didn't take any convincing.
02:21:11.213 --> 02:21:13.315
NICHOLS: Take your time,
use the entire file.
02:21:13.349 --> 02:21:16.252
Write up your conclusion,
send them to the FBI.
02:21:16.285 --> 02:21:18.521
The material
is obviously extensive,
02:21:18.554 --> 02:21:21.223
but there's nothing new here.
02:21:21.257 --> 02:21:22.791
STRAUSS:
Your conclusions will be.
02:21:22.825 --> 02:21:25.127
And they'll have to be answered.
02:21:25.160 --> 02:21:26.629
Hoover passes them to McCarthy?
02:21:26.662 --> 02:21:30.266
Oppenheimer's too slippery
for that self-promoting clown.
02:21:30.299 --> 02:21:33.168
I've talked it over with Hoover,
he'll hold McCarthy at bay
02:21:33.202 --> 02:21:34.803
while you do this with the AEC.
02:21:34.837 --> 02:21:36.672
-A trial.
-No.
02:21:36.705 --> 02:21:40.476
No trial. You can't
give Oppenheimer a platform.
02:21:40.509 --> 02:21:42.278
You can't martyr him.
02:21:42.311 --> 02:21:45.481
We need a systematic destruction
of Oppenheimer's credibility
02:21:45.514 --> 02:21:49.084
so he can never again speak
on matters of national security.
02:21:49.118 --> 02:21:51.186
Then what?
02:21:52.388 --> 02:21:55.758
A shabby little room,
far from the limelight.
02:21:55.791 --> 02:21:57.560
(speaking indistinctly)
02:22:02.197 --> 02:22:03.465
STRAUSS:
A simple bureaucratic procedure.
02:22:03.499 --> 02:22:06.135
His Q clearance
is up for renewal.
02:22:06.168 --> 02:22:09.138
You send your accusations
to the FBI.
02:22:10.773 --> 02:22:14.376
Hoover sends them to the AEC,
you're forced to act.
02:22:15.210 --> 02:22:16.512
You write up an indictment
02:22:16.545 --> 02:22:18.180
and tell Oppenheimer
02:22:18.213 --> 02:22:20.883
his security clearance
is not being renewed.
02:22:20.916 --> 02:22:22.451
But offer him
the chance to appeal.
02:22:22.484 --> 02:22:24.820
As you can see, Robert,
it's not yet signed.
02:22:24.853 --> 02:22:26.355
ROBERT:
May I keep this?
02:22:26.388 --> 02:22:27.323
No.
02:22:27.356 --> 02:22:29.592
If you do decide to appeal,
02:22:29.625 --> 02:22:31.160
they'll have to send you a copy.
02:22:31.193 --> 02:22:34.430
When he appeals--
and trust me, he will--
02:22:34.463 --> 02:22:36.865
-I appoint a board.
-(indistinct conversation)
02:22:36.899 --> 02:22:39.368
They will, of course,
have counsel.
02:22:39.401 --> 02:22:41.337
-NICHOLS: Prosecutor?
-In all but name.
02:22:41.370 --> 02:22:43.539
-NICHOLS: Who?
-Roger Robb.
02:22:43.572 --> 02:22:44.740
Ouch.
02:22:44.773 --> 02:22:46.241
Robb will have
security clearance
02:22:46.275 --> 02:22:47.810
to examine Oppenheimer's file.
02:22:47.843 --> 02:22:49.278
As will the Gray board.
02:22:49.311 --> 02:22:50.679
Defense counsel will not.
02:22:52.514 --> 02:22:53.916
A closed hearing.
02:22:53.949 --> 02:22:55.184
ROBERT: The so-called
derogatory information
02:22:55.217 --> 02:22:57.386
in your indictment of me.
02:22:57.419 --> 02:22:59.888
No audience. No reporters.
02:22:59.922 --> 02:23:03.392
-No burden of proof.
-No burden of proof?
02:23:04.760 --> 02:23:06.261
We're not convicting.
02:23:06.962 --> 02:23:09.565
We're just denying.
02:23:14.536 --> 02:23:17.306
What is it you said?
02:23:17.339 --> 02:23:20.676
"This is just how
the game is played."
02:23:20.709 --> 02:23:23.679
Well, forgive my naivete.
02:23:23.712 --> 02:23:25.681
Amateurs seek the sun.
02:23:26.649 --> 02:23:27.716
Get eaten.
02:23:28.784 --> 02:23:31.620
Power stays in the shadows.
02:23:31.654 --> 02:23:35.357
But, sir, you're...
you're out of the shadows now.
02:23:35.391 --> 02:23:36.825
Yeah, that's why
this has to work.
02:23:36.859 --> 02:23:38.327
Well...
02:23:39.628 --> 02:23:41.764
Teller's testifying
this morning.
02:23:41.797 --> 02:23:44.199
That'll help. And then...
02:23:44.233 --> 02:23:45.668
Hill is in the afternoon.
02:23:45.701 --> 02:23:48.170
Hill is gonna help us too.
02:23:50.406 --> 02:23:53.575
STRAUSS: As you can see,
Robert, it's not yet signed.
02:23:53.609 --> 02:23:54.643
May I keep this?
02:23:54.677 --> 02:23:55.711
NICHOLS:
No.
02:23:57.813 --> 02:23:59.815
If you do decide to appeal,
02:23:59.848 --> 02:24:02.685
then they'll have
to send you a copy.
02:24:02.718 --> 02:24:05.220
(unsettling music playing)
02:24:06.255 --> 02:24:08.557
Take my car and driver.
I insist.
02:24:13.295 --> 02:24:15.230
I'll have to consult
my lawyers, Lewis.
02:24:15.264 --> 02:24:17.966
Of course.
But don't take too long.
02:24:18.000 --> 02:24:20.202
I can't keep Nichols at bay.
02:24:26.341 --> 02:24:28.644
I'm sorry
it's come to this, Robert.
02:24:28.677 --> 02:24:29.712
I think it's wrong.
02:24:29.745 --> 02:24:31.780
(unsettling music building)
02:24:43.025 --> 02:24:44.460
ROBERT:
Nichols wants me to fight
02:24:44.493 --> 02:24:46.495
so he can get it
all on the record.
02:24:46.528 --> 02:24:48.397
Strauss wants me to walk away.
02:24:48.430 --> 02:24:51.266
Strauss knows
that you can't do that,
02:24:51.300 --> 02:24:53.736
you'd be accepting the charges.
02:24:53.769 --> 02:24:55.437
You'll lose your job.
02:24:55.471 --> 02:24:57.740
You will lose your reputation.
We'll lose our house.
02:24:57.773 --> 02:25:00.476
Robert, we have to fight.
02:25:01.310 --> 02:25:03.011
(smacks lips)
02:25:03.045 --> 02:25:05.347
VOLPE: As AEC Counsel,
I can't represent you.
02:25:05.380 --> 02:25:06.915
I'll call Lloyd Garrison.
02:25:06.949 --> 02:25:08.484
Oh, he's good.
02:25:08.517 --> 02:25:12.254
The best,
but I have to warn you...
02:25:12.921 --> 02:25:15.357
...this won't be a fair fight.
02:25:15.390 --> 02:25:17.392
-(suspenseful music plays)
-ROBB: During your interview
02:25:17.426 --> 02:25:19.895
with Boris Pash in 1943,
did you refer to microfilm?
02:25:19.928 --> 02:25:21.430
-No.
-Tab 11,
02:25:21.463 --> 02:25:22.898
page one, paragraph three.
You never said,
02:25:22.931 --> 02:25:26.568
"Man at the consulate expert
in the use of microfilm"?
02:25:26.602 --> 02:25:27.936
-I'm sorry, I'm sorry.
-No.
02:25:27.970 --> 02:25:28.904
I would like to know
what document
02:25:28.937 --> 02:25:30.372
Mr. Robb is quoting from
02:25:30.405 --> 02:25:31.673
and if we might be
furnished with a copy.
02:25:31.707 --> 02:25:33.776
The document is classified,
Mr. Garrison.
02:25:33.809 --> 02:25:35.644
I think we should get back
to first-hand information.
02:25:35.677 --> 02:25:37.045
This is first-hand.
02:25:37.080 --> 02:25:39.348
How so, Roger?
02:25:40.716 --> 02:25:42.551
There was a recording
of the interview.
02:25:46.522 --> 02:25:48.423
GARRISON:
You let my client sit here
02:25:48.457 --> 02:25:49.958
and potentially perjure himself,
02:25:49.992 --> 02:25:52.528
and all this time,
you had a recording?
02:25:52.561 --> 02:25:53.929
Nobody told your client
02:25:53.962 --> 02:25:55.364
to misrepresent
his former answers.
02:25:55.397 --> 02:25:57.466
Misrepre...
It-it was 12 years ago.
02:25:57.499 --> 02:25:58.801
Can we hear this recording?
02:25:58.834 --> 02:26:00.402
You don't have the clearance,
Mr. Garrison.
02:26:00.435 --> 02:26:02.071
But you're reading it
into the record.
02:26:02.105 --> 02:26:03.739
Please, please.
02:26:03.772 --> 02:26:07.376
Is this proceeding interested
in entrapment or in truth?
02:26:07.409 --> 02:26:09.845
If it's truth,
where's the disclosure?
02:26:09.878 --> 02:26:11.513
Where's the witness list?
02:26:11.547 --> 02:26:14.083
Mr. Garrison, this isn't
a trial, as you are well aware.
02:26:14.117 --> 02:26:15.984
Evidentiary rules do not apply.
02:26:16.018 --> 02:26:17.886
We are dealing
with national security.
02:26:17.920 --> 02:26:19.421
Yes, sir, with all due respect,
02:26:19.454 --> 02:26:21.824
I fail to see how
national security
02:26:21.857 --> 02:26:23.559
prevents the prosecution
from providing us
02:26:23.592 --> 02:26:25.594
-with a list of witnesses.
-Perhaps we are in need
02:26:25.627 --> 02:26:26.929
-of a brief recess.
-ROBERT: Gentlemen,
02:26:26.962 --> 02:26:28.697
you have my words.
02:26:28.730 --> 02:26:30.866
If you say they're from a
transcript, then I'll accept it.
02:26:30.899 --> 02:26:33.669
I've already explained
I made up a cock-and-bull story.
02:26:33.702 --> 02:26:37.039
But why would anyone
make up such an elaborate story?
02:26:37.073 --> 02:26:39.142
Because I was an idiot.
02:26:39.175 --> 02:26:40.776
Why lie?
02:26:40.809 --> 02:26:43.412
Well, clearly with
the intention of not revealing
02:26:43.445 --> 02:26:45.514
who the intermediary was.
02:26:45.547 --> 02:26:47.583
Your friend, Haakon Chevalier,
the Communist.
02:26:47.616 --> 02:26:49.885
Is he still your friend?
02:26:49.918 --> 02:26:51.353
Yes.
02:26:53.455 --> 02:26:56.391
GARRISON:
Dr. Rabi, thank you for coming.
02:26:56.425 --> 02:26:58.127
Do you know who else
the prosecution has called?
02:26:58.161 --> 02:27:00.495
Teller, obviously.
02:27:01.463 --> 02:27:02.731
They've asked Lawrence.
02:27:02.764 --> 02:27:03.599
What did he say?
02:27:03.632 --> 02:27:06.535
He wasn't going
to help them, but...
02:27:06.568 --> 02:27:07.502
But?
02:27:07.536 --> 02:27:09.538
Strauss told him that
you and Ruth Tolman
02:27:09.571 --> 02:27:12.007
have been having
an affair for years.
02:27:12.040 --> 02:27:13.142
The whole time you lived
02:27:13.176 --> 02:27:14.810
-with them in Pasadena.
-(sighs)
02:27:14.843 --> 02:27:16.511
He convinced Lawrence
02:27:16.545 --> 02:27:18.114
that Richard died
of a broken heart.
02:27:18.147 --> 02:27:19.448
That's absurd.
02:27:19.481 --> 02:27:22.017
-What part?
-The broken heart.
02:27:22.051 --> 02:27:24.087
Richard never found out.
02:27:24.120 --> 02:27:25.888
Is Lawrence gonna testify?
02:27:25.921 --> 02:27:27.422
I don't know.
02:27:27.956 --> 02:27:29.591
GARRISON:
Dr. Rabi,
02:27:29.625 --> 02:27:32.694
what governmental positions
do you currently hold?
02:27:32.728 --> 02:27:35.631
I am the chairman of the
General Advisory Committee
02:27:35.664 --> 02:27:38.567
to the AEC,
succeeding Dr. Oppenheimer.
02:27:38.600 --> 02:27:41.436
GARRISON: And how long have
you known Dr. Oppenheimer?
02:27:41.470 --> 02:27:43.072
Since 1928.
02:27:43.106 --> 02:27:45.174
I... I know him quite well.
02:27:45.208 --> 02:27:47.176
Well enough
to speak to the bearing
02:27:47.210 --> 02:27:49.778
of his loyalty and character?
02:27:49.811 --> 02:27:53.815
Dr. Oppenheimer is a man
of upstanding character.
02:27:53.849 --> 02:27:56.518
And he is loyal
to the United States,
02:27:56.551 --> 02:27:57.786
to his friends,
02:27:57.819 --> 02:28:00.489
to the institutions
of which he is part.
02:28:01.957 --> 02:28:02.991
Eat.
02:28:05.894 --> 02:28:06.929
(scoffs)
02:28:08.097 --> 02:28:10.699
(suspenseful music continues)
02:28:21.977 --> 02:28:23.679
-ROBERT: What was that?
-(door closes)
02:28:23.712 --> 02:28:25.747
RABI:
Nothing to worry about.
02:28:27.983 --> 02:28:29.718
ROBB:
After the Russian A-bomb test,
02:28:29.751 --> 02:28:32.221
did Dr. Lawrence come to see you
about the hydrogen bomb?
02:28:32.255 --> 02:28:34.057
You'd be better off asking him.
02:28:34.090 --> 02:28:35.624
Well, I fully intend to.
02:28:35.657 --> 02:28:38.227
Would you say
that Dr. Oppenheimer was
02:28:38.261 --> 02:28:40.263
unalterably opposed
to the H-bomb?
02:28:40.296 --> 02:28:43.099
No, he-he thought that
a fusion program
02:28:43.132 --> 02:28:46.235
would come at the expense of our
awfully good fission program.
02:28:46.269 --> 02:28:48.104
But that proved
not to be the case.
02:28:48.137 --> 02:28:50.772
In the event both could be done.
02:28:50.806 --> 02:28:53.109
Suppose that this board
did not feel satisfied
02:28:53.142 --> 02:28:54.277
that in his testimony here,
02:28:54.310 --> 02:28:56.578
Dr. Oppenheimer had been
wholly truthful.
02:28:56.611 --> 02:28:59.815
What would you say whether
or not he should be cleared?
02:28:59.848 --> 02:29:01.750
Why go through
all this against a man
02:29:01.783 --> 02:29:03.986
who has accomplished
what Dr. Oppenheimer has?
02:29:04.019 --> 02:29:05.654
Look at his record.
02:29:05.687 --> 02:29:07.756
We have an A-bomb
and a whole series of it.
02:29:07.789 --> 02:29:09.725
We have a whole series
of Super bombs.
02:29:09.758 --> 02:29:11.727
What more do you want?
02:29:11.760 --> 02:29:12.627
Mermaids?
02:29:12.661 --> 02:29:14.963
TELLER:
But I've known Secretary Strauss
02:29:14.997 --> 02:29:16.598
for many years,
02:29:16.631 --> 02:29:19.901
and I feel it a necessity
to express the warm support
02:29:19.935 --> 02:29:22.604
for science and scientists
Lewis has shown.
02:29:22.637 --> 02:29:23.872
We'll break now,
02:29:23.905 --> 02:29:25.707
unless there's
any immediate business.
02:29:25.741 --> 02:29:28.277
STRAUSS: Senator, I'd like
to once again request
02:29:28.311 --> 02:29:30.979
that we're furnished
with a list of witnesses.
02:29:31.013 --> 02:29:33.782
And I will remind the nominee
that we don't always
02:29:33.815 --> 02:29:35.817
have that information
in advance.
02:29:35.851 --> 02:29:39.288
We do know that Dr. Hill
will be here after lunch.
02:29:39.322 --> 02:29:40.956
Mr. Chairman,
our next scheduled witness,
02:29:40.989 --> 02:29:45.527
Dr. Lawrence, has apparently
come down with colitis.
02:29:46.995 --> 02:29:49.898
So we'll proceed with
William Borden instead.
02:29:51.167 --> 02:29:52.567
Mr. Borden, welcome.
02:29:52.601 --> 02:29:54.070
Please take a seat.
02:29:55.238 --> 02:29:57.639
Mr. Borden,
02:29:57.672 --> 02:30:00.243
during your investigation
into Dr. Oppenheimer,
02:30:00.276 --> 02:30:01.910
did you reach
certain conclusions?
02:30:01.943 --> 02:30:04.247
-I did.
-And did there come a time
02:30:04.280 --> 02:30:05.747
when you expressed
those conclusions
02:30:05.781 --> 02:30:07.783
in a letter
to Mr. J. Edgar Hoover
02:30:07.816 --> 02:30:09.751
of the Federal Bureau
of Investigation?
02:30:09.785 --> 02:30:11.187
-BORDEN: That is correct.
-Prior to the writing
02:30:11.220 --> 02:30:12.988
of the letter, did you discuss
the writing of the letter
02:30:13.021 --> 02:30:15.324
with anybody attached to
the Atomic Energy Commission?
02:30:15.358 --> 02:30:16.958
I did not.
02:30:16.992 --> 02:30:18.327
ROBB: Thanks, and do you have
a copy of the letter?
02:30:18.361 --> 02:30:19.961
BORDEN:
I have one in front of me.
02:30:19.995 --> 02:30:22.098
Would you please be so kind
as to read it, sir?
02:30:22.131 --> 02:30:23.665
BORDEN:
"Dear Mr. Hoover,
02:30:23.698 --> 02:30:25.134
the purpose of this letter
is to state..."
02:30:25.168 --> 02:30:27.203
GARRISON: Uh, I'm sorry,
I'm sorry, if I could have a...
02:30:27.236 --> 02:30:29.604
What is the purpose
of the delay?
02:30:29.638 --> 02:30:31.107
He's simply gonna
read the letter.
02:30:31.140 --> 02:30:32.674
(scoffs) Mr. Chairman,
02:30:32.707 --> 02:30:34.709
this is the first
I've seen of this letter,
02:30:34.743 --> 02:30:36.011
and I see statements here, uh,
02:30:36.044 --> 02:30:38.013
at least one,
of a kind that I don't think
02:30:38.046 --> 02:30:40.015
anyone would like to see
go into the record.
02:30:40.048 --> 02:30:42.818
These are accusations that have
not previously been made.
02:30:42.851 --> 02:30:44.786
That are not part of
the indictment from Nichols.
02:30:44.820 --> 02:30:46.955
Accusations of a kind that
I don't think belong here.
02:30:46.988 --> 02:30:49.158
The witness wrote this letter
on his own initiative,
02:30:49.192 --> 02:30:51.760
laying out evidence that has
already been before the board.
02:30:51.793 --> 02:30:53.396
His conclusions
are valid testimony,
02:30:53.429 --> 02:30:55.331
just like the...
the positive conclusions
02:30:55.364 --> 02:30:56.698
of friends of Dr. Oppenheimer.
02:30:56.731 --> 02:30:58.234
It cuts both ways.
02:30:58.267 --> 02:31:00.702
How long has Counsel been
in possession of this letter?
02:31:00.735 --> 02:31:02.105
I don't think
I should be subject
02:31:02.138 --> 02:31:04.706
to cross-examination by you,
Mr. Garrison.
02:31:04.739 --> 02:31:06.375
GRAY: Mr. Garrison,
given that we on the board
02:31:06.409 --> 02:31:07.909
have all read the letter,
02:31:07.943 --> 02:31:10.279
wouldn't it be better
to have it in the record?
02:31:10.313 --> 02:31:11.780
Let's proceed.
02:31:11.813 --> 02:31:13.748
(tense music playing)
02:31:13.782 --> 02:31:15.251
BORDEN:
"Dear Mr. Hoover,
02:31:15.284 --> 02:31:18.720
"the purpose of this letter
is to state my opinion
02:31:18.753 --> 02:31:20.056
"based upon years of study
02:31:20.089 --> 02:31:22.858
"of the available
classified evidence,
02:31:22.891 --> 02:31:24.926
"that more probably than not,
02:31:24.960 --> 02:31:29.831
"J. Robert Oppenheimer is
an agent of the Soviet Union.
02:31:29.865 --> 02:31:32.201
"The following conclusions
are justified.
02:31:32.235 --> 02:31:37.073
"One, between 1929 and 1942,
more probably than not,
02:31:37.106 --> 02:31:38.407
"J. Robert Oppenheimer
02:31:38.441 --> 02:31:40.742
"was a sufficiently
hardened Communist,
02:31:40.775 --> 02:31:42.878
"that he volunteered
information to the Soviets.
02:31:42.911 --> 02:31:45.248
"Two, more probably than not,
02:31:45.281 --> 02:31:49.851
"he has since been functioning
as an espionage agent.
02:31:49.885 --> 02:31:52.721
"Three, more probably than not,
02:31:52.754 --> 02:31:54.990
"he has since acted
under a Soviet directive
02:31:55.023 --> 02:31:57.759
in influencing United States
military policy..."
02:31:57.792 --> 02:31:59.027
I'm sorry, Robert.
02:31:59.061 --> 02:32:00.396
BORDEN:
"...atomic energy, intelligence
02:32:00.429 --> 02:32:01.796
-and diplomatic policy."
-Is anyone
02:32:01.830 --> 02:32:03.466
ever going to tell the truth
02:32:03.499 --> 02:32:05.268
about what's happening here?
02:32:05.301 --> 02:32:08.837
CHAIRMAN MAGNUSON: We will now
hear from Dr. David Hill.
02:32:08.870 --> 02:32:11.274
(soft suspenseful music plays)
02:32:18.080 --> 02:32:19.415
Dr. Hill,
02:32:19.448 --> 02:32:22.084
would you care
to make a statement?
02:32:23.219 --> 02:32:24.786
Thank you.
02:32:24.819 --> 02:32:28.491
I've been asked to testify
about Lewis Strauss.
02:32:28.524 --> 02:32:30.926
A man who has
given years of service
02:32:30.959 --> 02:32:33.929
in high positions of government
02:32:33.962 --> 02:32:38.900
and who is known to be earnest,
hardworking and intelligent.
02:32:39.901 --> 02:32:41.404
The views I have to express
are my own,
02:32:41.437 --> 02:32:45.141
but I believe that much I have
to say will help to indicate
02:32:45.174 --> 02:32:48.877
why most of the scientists
in this country
02:32:48.910 --> 02:32:51.913
would prefer to see Mr. Strauss
02:32:51.947 --> 02:32:53.782
completely out of government.
02:32:53.815 --> 02:32:55.784
(murmurs of surprise)
02:32:55.817 --> 02:32:58.321
You're... You're referring
to the hostility
02:32:58.354 --> 02:32:59.821
of certain scientists
02:32:59.854 --> 02:33:01.490
directed toward Mr. Strauss
02:33:01.524 --> 02:33:03.758
because of his commitment
to security
02:33:03.792 --> 02:33:06.795
as demonstrated
in the Oppenheimer affair?
02:33:09.265 --> 02:33:10.533
No.
02:33:10.566 --> 02:33:12.968
Because of the personal
vindictiveness
02:33:13.001 --> 02:33:15.238
he demonstrated against
Dr. Oppenheimer.
02:33:15.271 --> 02:33:16.871
(people exclaiming)
02:33:16.905 --> 02:33:19.040
-MAGNUSON: Order.
-(gavel banging)
02:33:19.075 --> 02:33:20.109
Order!
02:33:20.142 --> 02:33:25.414
It appears to most
scientists around this country
02:33:25.448 --> 02:33:26.982
that Robert Oppenheimer
is now being
02:33:27.015 --> 02:33:29.252
pilloried and put through
an ordeal
02:33:29.285 --> 02:33:32.388
because he expressed
his honest opinions.
02:33:33.389 --> 02:33:35.458
Dr. Bush, I thought
I was performing a service
02:33:35.491 --> 02:33:37.226
to my country
when hearing this case.
02:33:37.260 --> 02:33:41.397
No board in this country
should sit in judgment of a man
02:33:41.430 --> 02:33:44.066
because he expressed
strong opinions.
02:33:44.100 --> 02:33:47.169
If you want to try that case,
you should try me.
02:33:47.203 --> 02:33:51.207
Excuse me, gentlemen,
if I become stirred,
02:33:51.240 --> 02:33:52.441
but I am.
02:33:52.475 --> 02:33:54.443
Dr. Hill, we've already heard
02:33:54.477 --> 02:33:56.911
that Mr. Strauss
did not bring the charges
02:33:56.945 --> 02:34:00.015
or participate in the hearings
against Dr. Oppenheimer.
02:34:00.048 --> 02:34:02.551
The Oppenheimer matter was
02:34:02.585 --> 02:34:04.953
initiated and carried through
02:34:04.986 --> 02:34:07.356
largely through the animus
of Lewis Strauss.
02:34:07.390 --> 02:34:08.923
(people exclaim)
02:34:08.957 --> 02:34:11.594
Oppenheimer made mincemeat
out of Strauss's position
02:34:11.627 --> 02:34:13.229
on the shipment
of isotopes to Norway,
02:34:13.262 --> 02:34:17.266
and Strauss never forgave him
this public humiliation.
02:34:17.300 --> 02:34:19.901
Another controversy between them
centered around
02:34:19.934 --> 02:34:22.904
their differences in judgment
on how the H-bomb
02:34:22.937 --> 02:34:25.006
would contribute
to national security.
02:34:25.040 --> 02:34:27.008
Strauss turned to
the personnel security system
02:34:27.042 --> 02:34:31.280
in order to destroy
Oppenheimer's effectiveness,
02:34:31.314 --> 02:34:33.848
and Strauss was able to find
a few ambitious men
02:34:33.882 --> 02:34:36.918
who also disagreed
with Oppenheimer's positions
02:34:36.951 --> 02:34:39.988
and envied him his prestige
in government circles.
02:34:40.021 --> 02:34:42.625
TELLER: I've always assumed,
and still assume,
02:34:42.658 --> 02:34:44.893
that he's loyal
to the United States.
02:34:44.926 --> 02:34:46.329
I believe this.
And I shall believe it
02:34:46.362 --> 02:34:48.930
until I see very conclusive
proof to the opposite.
02:34:48.963 --> 02:34:50.932
Do you or do you not believe
02:34:50.965 --> 02:34:53.269
that Dr. Oppenheimer
is a security risk?
02:34:54.270 --> 02:34:55.371
(smacks lips)
02:34:57.005 --> 02:34:58.274
In a great number of cases,
02:34:58.307 --> 02:35:00.276
I have seen Dr. Oppenheimer
act in a way
02:35:00.309 --> 02:35:04.180
which was to me
exceedingly hard to understand.
02:35:04.213 --> 02:35:06.215
I thoroughly disagreed
with him in numerous issues,
02:35:06.248 --> 02:35:08.351
and his actions frankly
appeared to me
02:35:08.384 --> 02:35:09.918
confused and complicated.
02:35:09.951 --> 02:35:11.487
To this extent, I feel,
02:35:11.520 --> 02:35:14.623
I want to see the vital
interest of this country
02:35:14.657 --> 02:35:16.492
in hands which
I understand better
02:35:16.525 --> 02:35:18.661
and therefore trust more.
02:35:18.694 --> 02:35:21.464
-MORGAN: Thank you, Doctor.
-ROBB: Thank you.
02:35:25.267 --> 02:35:26.369
I'm sorry.
02:35:29.003 --> 02:35:31.173
KITTY:
You shook his fucking hand?
02:35:31.207 --> 02:35:34.110
Oh, I would have
spit in his face.
02:35:34.143 --> 02:35:35.678
Not sure the board
would have appreciated that.
02:35:35.711 --> 02:35:37.279
KITTY: Is it not
gentlemanly enough for you?
02:35:37.313 --> 02:35:40.649
Well, I-I think you're all being
too goddamn gentlemanly.
02:35:40.683 --> 02:35:42.651
Gray must see
what Robb is doing.
02:35:42.685 --> 02:35:44.620
Why doesn't he just
shut him down?
02:35:44.653 --> 02:35:47.256
And you shaking Teller's hand.
02:35:47.289 --> 02:35:50.159
You need to stop
playing the martyr.
02:35:51.160 --> 02:35:53.562
Under the current
AEC guidelines,
02:35:53.596 --> 02:35:55.997
would you clear
Dr. Oppenheimer today?
02:35:56.030 --> 02:35:58.334
(unnerving music playing)
02:36:02.171 --> 02:36:04.540
Under my interpretation (sighs)
02:36:04.573 --> 02:36:06.709
of the Atomic Energy Act,
02:36:06.742 --> 02:36:08.577
which did not exist
02:36:08.611 --> 02:36:11.447
when I hired
Dr. Oppenheimer in 1942...
02:36:12.681 --> 02:36:16.085
I would not clear him today,
02:36:16.118 --> 02:36:18.087
uh, if I were on the commission.
02:36:18.120 --> 02:36:19.688
ROBB: Good. Thank you, General.
That is all.
02:36:19.722 --> 02:36:21.724
But I don't think I'd clear
any of those guys.
02:36:21.757 --> 02:36:23.925
That's all.
02:36:26.429 --> 02:36:28.564
GARRISON: Dr. Oppenheimer
had no responsibility
02:36:28.597 --> 02:36:30.099
in the selection
or the clearance
02:36:30.132 --> 02:36:31.434
of Klaus Fuchs, did he?
02:36:31.467 --> 02:36:32.735
No. None at all.
02:36:32.768 --> 02:36:34.370
And you wouldn't want
to leave this board
02:36:34.403 --> 02:36:37.173
with any suggestion today
that you're here questioning
02:36:37.206 --> 02:36:39.241
his basic loyalty
to the United States
02:36:39.275 --> 02:36:40.676
in the operation of Los Alamos?
02:36:40.709 --> 02:36:42.278
By no means.
02:36:42.311 --> 02:36:44.313
I hope I didn't lead anyone
to believe otherwise
02:36:44.346 --> 02:36:45.980
for an instant.
02:36:46.014 --> 02:36:47.116
GRAY:
Thank you, General.
02:36:47.149 --> 02:36:50.186
(wistful music playing)
02:37:05.167 --> 02:37:07.436
Okay. We shouldn't
keep them waiting.
02:37:07.470 --> 02:37:08.737
She'll be here.
02:37:08.771 --> 02:37:10.206
Do you even want her here?
02:37:10.239 --> 02:37:12.741
Only a fool or an adolescent
02:37:12.775 --> 02:37:14.677
presumes to know
someone else's relationship,
02:37:14.710 --> 02:37:17.011
and you're neither, Lloyd.
02:37:17.045 --> 02:37:18.547
(door shuts)
02:37:18.581 --> 02:37:20.549
Kitty and I,
02:37:20.583 --> 02:37:22.651
we're grown-ups.
02:37:22.685 --> 02:37:25.521
We've walked
through fire together.
02:37:25.554 --> 02:37:28.123
She'll do fine.
02:37:28.157 --> 02:37:30.226
GARRISON: Would you describe
your views on Communism
02:37:30.259 --> 02:37:32.294
as pro, anti, neutral?
02:37:32.328 --> 02:37:34.196
KITTY:
Very strongly against.
02:37:34.230 --> 02:37:36.365
I-I've had nothing to do
with Communism in... since...
02:37:36.398 --> 02:37:39.235
since 1936, since...
02:37:39.268 --> 02:37:42.137
since before I met Robert.
02:37:42.738 --> 02:37:44.573
That's all.
02:37:44.607 --> 02:37:46.175
HILL:
The record demonstrates
02:37:46.208 --> 02:37:47.810
that Oppenheimer
was not interrogated
02:37:47.843 --> 02:37:51.080
by impartial and disinterested
counsel for the Gray board.
02:37:51.113 --> 02:37:52.515
He was interrogated
by a prosecutor
02:37:52.548 --> 02:37:54.216
who used all the tricks
02:37:54.250 --> 02:37:56.051
of a rather ingenious
legal background.
02:37:56.085 --> 02:37:57.520
SENATOR SCOTT:
You are charging now
02:37:57.553 --> 02:38:00.523
that the Gray board
permitted a prosecution.
02:38:00.556 --> 02:38:03.259
If I were on the Gray board,
02:38:03.292 --> 02:38:05.261
I would have protested
against the tactics
02:38:05.294 --> 02:38:08.197
of the man who served, in fact,
as the prosecuting counsel.
02:38:08.230 --> 02:38:11.433
A man appointed not by the board
02:38:11.467 --> 02:38:13.536
but by Lewis Strauss.
02:38:13.569 --> 02:38:15.504
(people exclaim)
02:38:15.538 --> 02:38:16.572
Who was this?
02:38:17.873 --> 02:38:19.708
I'm sorry?
02:38:19.742 --> 02:38:20.809
Who was this?
02:38:20.843 --> 02:38:22.278
Uh, Roger Robb.
02:38:22.311 --> 02:38:24.647
-(chair scrapes)
-Mrs. Oppenheimer.
02:38:26.582 --> 02:38:28.817
(pensive music playing)
02:38:28.851 --> 02:38:31.287
Did you have a Communist Party
membership card?
02:38:32.721 --> 02:38:34.823
I'm... I'm not sure.
02:38:34.857 --> 02:38:36.358
ROBB:
Not sure?
02:38:39.328 --> 02:38:40.329
Well...
02:38:42.731 --> 02:38:44.466
-(sighs)
-ROBB: Well?
02:38:53.409 --> 02:38:56.378
I mean, presumably,
the act of joining the Party
02:38:56.412 --> 02:39:00.182
required sending some money
and receiving a card, no?
02:39:03.352 --> 02:39:04.486
Yeah.
02:39:07.556 --> 02:39:09.258
(sighs)
02:39:09.858 --> 02:39:11.260
(softly):
Sorry.
02:39:11.894 --> 02:39:13.495
ROBB:
Yes. Mm.
02:39:15.331 --> 02:39:17.333
It's just it was all
so very long ago,
02:39:17.366 --> 02:39:19.201
-Mr. Robb, wasn't it?
-Not really.
02:39:19.234 --> 02:39:20.469
Long enough to have forgotten.
02:39:20.502 --> 02:39:21.870
Did you return the card
or rip it up?
02:39:21.904 --> 02:39:23.505
The card whose existence
I've forgotten?
02:39:23.539 --> 02:39:25.341
Your Communist Party
membership card.
02:39:25.374 --> 02:39:27.109
Haven't the slightest idea.
02:39:29.411 --> 02:39:32.181
Can a distinction
be made between
02:39:32.214 --> 02:39:33.882
Soviet Communism and Communism?
02:39:33.916 --> 02:39:35.484
Well, in the days
when I was a member,
02:39:35.517 --> 02:39:37.152
I thought they were
definitely two things.
02:39:37.186 --> 02:39:38.454
-Oh?
-I thought that
02:39:38.487 --> 02:39:40.356
the Communist Party
of the United States
02:39:40.389 --> 02:39:42.791
was concerned with
our domestic problems.
02:39:42.825 --> 02:39:44.293
I now no longer believe this.
02:39:44.326 --> 02:39:45.361
Believe the whole thing's
linked together
02:39:45.394 --> 02:39:46.662
and spread all over the world,
02:39:46.695 --> 02:39:48.897
and I have believed this
since I left the Party
02:39:48.931 --> 02:39:50.399
16 years ago.
02:39:50.432 --> 02:39:51.734
-But...
-Seventeen years ago.
02:39:51.767 --> 02:39:53.168
My mistake.
02:39:53.202 --> 02:39:55.838
-But you said...
-Sorry, 18.
02:39:55.871 --> 02:39:58.140
Eighteen years ago.
02:39:58.941 --> 02:40:00.242
ROBB:
Are you familiar with the fact
02:40:00.275 --> 02:40:01.443
your husband was
making contributions
02:40:01.477 --> 02:40:04.546
to the Spanish Civil War
as late as 1942?
02:40:04.580 --> 02:40:06.448
I knew that Robert gave money
from time to time.
02:40:06.482 --> 02:40:07.716
Did you know
this money was going
02:40:07.750 --> 02:40:09.184
into Communist Party channels?
02:40:09.218 --> 02:40:10.653
Don't you mean "through"?
02:40:10.686 --> 02:40:12.454
-Pardon?
-I think you mean
02:40:12.488 --> 02:40:14.289
"through Communist Party
channels," don't you?
02:40:14.323 --> 02:40:15.557
-Y-Yes!
-Yes?
02:40:15.591 --> 02:40:17.493
-Yes!
-KITTY: Yes.
02:40:17.526 --> 02:40:21.230
Then would it be fair to say
that this meant that by 1942,
02:40:21.263 --> 02:40:22.564
your husband had not stopped
02:40:22.598 --> 02:40:24.533
having anything to do
with the Communist Party?
02:40:24.566 --> 02:40:26.368
You don't have
to answer that yes or no.
02:40:26.402 --> 02:40:27.770
You can answer that
any way you wish.
02:40:27.803 --> 02:40:29.672
I know that, thank you.
02:40:29.705 --> 02:40:31.407
It's your question.
02:40:31.440 --> 02:40:33.342
-It's not properly phrased.
-Do you understand
02:40:33.375 --> 02:40:34.610
-what I'm getting at?
-I do.
02:40:34.643 --> 02:40:35.911
Then why don't you
answer it that way?
02:40:35.944 --> 02:40:37.546
'Cause I don't like your phrase.
02:40:37.579 --> 02:40:39.515
"Having anything to do
with the Communist Party."
02:40:39.548 --> 02:40:41.350
Because Robert never
had anything to do
02:40:41.383 --> 02:40:42.685
with the Communist Party
as such.
02:40:42.718 --> 02:40:45.354
I know he gave money
to Spanish refugees.
02:40:45.387 --> 02:40:47.322
I know he took
an intellectual interest
02:40:47.356 --> 02:40:48.557
in Communist ideas...
02:40:48.590 --> 02:40:49.692
Are there two types
of Communists?
02:40:49.725 --> 02:40:51.427
Intellectual Communists
02:40:51.460 --> 02:40:53.395
and your plain old
regular Commie?
02:40:53.429 --> 02:40:54.363
(laughs)
02:40:54.396 --> 02:40:55.964
Well, I couldn't
answer that one.
02:40:55.998 --> 02:40:58.767
EVANS:
(laughs) I couldn't either.
02:41:04.907 --> 02:41:06.709
GARRISON:
Evening.
02:41:06.742 --> 02:41:08.477
VOLPE: Robert,
you can't win this thing.
02:41:08.510 --> 02:41:10.446
It's a kangaroo court
with a predetermined outcome.
02:41:10.479 --> 02:41:12.414
Why put yourself
through more of it?
02:41:13.015 --> 02:41:15.451
I have my reasons.
02:41:16.052 --> 02:41:17.486
All right.
02:41:17.519 --> 02:41:18.654
Good night.
02:41:23.358 --> 02:41:24.760
He has a point.
02:41:25.694 --> 02:41:27.730
I'm not sure
you understand, Albert.
02:41:27.763 --> 02:41:28.864
EINSTEIN:
No?
02:41:28.897 --> 02:41:32.401
I left my country
never to return.
02:41:33.035 --> 02:41:35.003
You served your country well.
02:41:35.037 --> 02:41:38.674
If this is the reward
she offers you, then...
02:41:38.707 --> 02:41:42.344
perhaps you should
turn your back on her.
02:41:42.377 --> 02:41:45.013
Damn it, I happen
to love this country.
02:41:45.047 --> 02:41:47.649
Then tell them to go to hell.
02:41:47.683 --> 02:41:48.584
Interestingly enough,
02:41:48.617 --> 02:41:51.687
this is no longer
a confirmation hearing,
02:41:51.720 --> 02:41:53.889
it's now a trial...
02:41:53.922 --> 02:41:55.657
about a trial!
02:41:56.658 --> 02:41:57.960
It's not good
he's telling everyone
02:41:57.993 --> 02:41:59.294
you initiated the hearings.
02:41:59.328 --> 02:42:01.697
He can't prove a goddamn thing.
02:42:01.730 --> 02:42:04.399
He certainly can't prove
that I gave the file to Borden.
02:42:04.433 --> 02:42:06.769
We're not in court, sir.
02:42:06.802 --> 02:42:08.003
There's no burden of proof.
02:42:08.036 --> 02:42:10.405
Right. They're not convicting...
02:42:10.439 --> 02:42:11.707
(sighs) just denying.
02:42:11.740 --> 02:42:14.643
Why would Hill come here
to tear me down?
02:42:14.676 --> 02:42:16.311
What's his angle?
02:42:16.345 --> 02:42:18.447
Do people need a reason
to do the right thing?
02:42:18.480 --> 02:42:20.083
-As he sees it.
-I told you,
02:42:20.116 --> 02:42:22.785
Oppenheimer poisoned
the scientists against me,
02:42:22.818 --> 02:42:24.520
right from that first meeting.
02:42:24.553 --> 02:42:27.790
I don't know what Oppenheimer
said to him that day,
02:42:27.823 --> 02:42:30.559
but Einstein wouldn't
even meet my eye.
02:42:30.592 --> 02:42:31.627
(inaudible)
02:42:31.660 --> 02:42:34.763
Oppenheimer knows
how to manipulate his own.
02:42:34.797 --> 02:42:36.065
And at Los Alamos,
02:42:36.099 --> 02:42:38.433
he preyed
on the naivete of scientists
02:42:38.467 --> 02:42:40.769
who thought they'd get a say
in how we used their work,
02:42:40.803 --> 02:42:43.806
but don't ever think
he was that naive himself.
02:42:43.839 --> 02:42:45.108
ROBB:
Doctor.
02:42:45.141 --> 02:42:47.110
During your work
on the hydrogen bomb,
02:42:47.143 --> 02:42:50.813
were you deterred
by any moral qualms?
02:42:50.846 --> 02:42:52.481
Yes, of course.
02:42:52.514 --> 02:42:53.816
ROBB: But you still got on
with your work, didn't you?
02:42:53.849 --> 02:42:56.085
Yes, because this was
work of exploration,
02:42:56.119 --> 02:42:58.353
it was not the preparation
of a weapon.
02:42:58.387 --> 02:43:00.455
You mean it was more of a...
an academic excursion.
02:43:00.489 --> 02:43:02.391
No, it is not an academic thing
02:43:02.424 --> 02:43:03.826
whether you can build
a hydrogen bomb.
02:43:03.859 --> 02:43:05.460
It's a matter of life and death.
02:43:05.494 --> 02:43:06.862
By 1942, you were
actively pushing
02:43:06.895 --> 02:43:08.463
the development of
the hydrogen bomb, weren't you?
02:43:08.497 --> 02:43:09.731
Pushing's not the right word.
02:43:09.765 --> 02:43:11.700
Supporting it
and working on it, yes.
02:43:11.733 --> 02:43:14.070
So when did these moral qualms
become so strong
02:43:14.103 --> 02:43:15.737
that you actively opposed
02:43:15.771 --> 02:43:17.439
the development
of the hydrogen bomb?
02:43:17.472 --> 02:43:19.441
When it was suggested
that it be the policy
02:43:19.474 --> 02:43:21.643
of the United States to make
these things at all cost
02:43:21.677 --> 02:43:23.679
without regard to the balance
between these weapons
02:43:23.712 --> 02:43:26.782
and atomic weapons
as part of our arsenal.
02:43:28.151 --> 02:43:30.086
What do moral qualms
have to do with that?
02:43:30.119 --> 02:43:32.155
Wha... What do moral qualms
02:43:32.188 --> 02:43:33.722
-have to do with it?
-ROBB: Yes.
02:43:33.755 --> 02:43:35.824
Oppenheimer wanted
to own the atomic bomb.
02:43:35.858 --> 02:43:37.759
He wanted to be the man
who moved the Earth.
02:43:37.793 --> 02:43:40.963
He talks about
putting the nuclear genie
02:43:40.996 --> 02:43:42.464
back in the bottle.
02:43:42.497 --> 02:43:43.632
Well, I'm here to tell you
02:43:43.665 --> 02:43:45.868
that I know
J. Robert Oppenheimer,
02:43:45.901 --> 02:43:50.005
and if he could do it all over,
he'd do it all the same.
02:43:50.038 --> 02:43:53.076
You know he's never once said
that he regrets Hiroshima?
02:43:53.109 --> 02:43:55.978
He'd do it all over. Why?
02:43:56.011 --> 02:43:57.446
Because it made him
02:43:57.479 --> 02:43:59.115
the most important man
who ever lived.
02:43:59.148 --> 02:44:01.483
(voice quivering):
Well, we've...
02:44:01.516 --> 02:44:03.619
we've freely used
the atomic bomb...
02:44:03.652 --> 02:44:05.754
ROBB: In fact, Doctor,
you assisted in selecting
02:44:05.787 --> 02:44:07.190
the target to drop
the atomic bomb on Japan,
02:44:07.223 --> 02:44:08.891
-didn't you?
-Yes.
02:44:08.924 --> 02:44:10.559
ROBB: Well, then you knew,
did you not, that by dropping
02:44:10.592 --> 02:44:12.761
that atomic bomb
on the target you selected,
02:44:12.794 --> 02:44:14.197
that thousands of civilians
would be killed
02:44:14.230 --> 02:44:15.964
or injured, is that correct?
02:44:15.998 --> 02:44:17.900
Yes, not as many
as turned out...
02:44:17.933 --> 02:44:20.136
Oh. Well, how many
were killed or injured?
02:44:20.169 --> 02:44:22.037
-70,000.
-ROBB: 70,000
02:44:22.071 --> 02:44:23.139
at both Hiroshima and...
02:44:23.172 --> 02:44:24.606
110,000 at both.
02:44:24.640 --> 02:44:26.041
ROBB:
On the day of each bombing?
02:44:26.075 --> 02:44:27.976
(tense music playing)
02:44:28.010 --> 02:44:29.178
Yes.
02:44:29.212 --> 02:44:30.779
And in the weeks
and years that followed?
02:44:30.812 --> 02:44:33.515
It has been put at somewhere
between 50 and 100,000.
02:44:33.548 --> 02:44:35.651
-220,000 dead at least?
-ROBERT: Yes.
02:44:35.684 --> 02:44:37.586
Any moral scruples about that?
02:44:38.954 --> 02:44:40.056
Terrible ones.
02:44:40.089 --> 02:44:41.657
But yet you testified in here
02:44:41.690 --> 02:44:44.060
that the bombing of Hiroshima
was very successful.
02:44:44.093 --> 02:44:45.661
-Technically successful.
-ROBB: Oh!
02:44:45.694 --> 02:44:47.462
Technically, it was
very successful.
02:44:47.496 --> 02:44:48.964
And it is also alleged
to have helped end the war.
02:44:48.997 --> 02:44:50.966
Would you have been
in support of the dropping
02:44:50.999 --> 02:44:52.935
of a hydrogen bomb on Hiroshima?
02:44:52.968 --> 02:44:54.503
That would make no sense at all.
02:44:54.536 --> 02:44:56.972
-Why?
-The-the target is too small.
02:44:57.005 --> 02:44:59.508
Well, supposing there had been
a target in Japan
02:44:59.541 --> 02:45:01.009
big enough for
a thermonuclear weapon,
02:45:01.043 --> 02:45:02.811
would you have been opposed
to the dropping of it?
02:45:02.844 --> 02:45:04.680
This was not a problem
with which I was confronted...
02:45:04.713 --> 02:45:06.149
Well, I'm confronting you
with it now, sir.
02:45:06.182 --> 02:45:07.950
It was all part of his plan.
02:45:07.983 --> 02:45:09.551
He wanted the glorious,
02:45:09.584 --> 02:45:11.753
insincere guilt
of the self-important
02:45:11.787 --> 02:45:13.256
to wear like a fuckin' crown.
02:45:13.289 --> 02:45:16.725
Say, "No, we cannot
go down this road,"
02:45:16.758 --> 02:45:19.561
even as he knew we'd have to.
02:45:19.594 --> 02:45:21.130
Would you have been opposed
to the dropping
02:45:21.164 --> 02:45:22.831
of a thermonuclear weapon
on Japan
02:45:22.864 --> 02:45:25.101
-because of moral scruples?
-Yes, I believe I would, sir.
02:45:25.134 --> 02:45:26.835
Well, did you oppose
the dropping
02:45:26.868 --> 02:45:28.870
of an atomic bomb on Hiroshima
because of moral scruples?
02:45:28.904 --> 02:45:30.539
-We set forth our arguments...
-(tense music building)
02:45:30.572 --> 02:45:31.974
No, you, you, you.
I'm asking you.
02:45:32.007 --> 02:45:33.642
-I set... I set forth...
-ROBB: Not we. You, you, you!
02:45:33.675 --> 02:45:35.278
...our arguments
against dropping it,
02:45:35.311 --> 02:45:36.845
but I did not endorse them.
02:45:36.878 --> 02:45:38.580
You mean after
working night and day
02:45:38.613 --> 02:45:39.982
for three years
building the bomb,
02:45:40.015 --> 02:45:41.850
you then argued against
the use of it? (laughs)
02:45:41.883 --> 02:45:44.586
I was asked
by the Secretary of War
02:45:44.619 --> 02:45:45.988
what the views
of scientists were.
02:45:46.021 --> 02:45:48.757
I gave him the views against
and the views for.
02:45:48.790 --> 02:45:50.792
You supported the dropping
of the atom bomb on Japan.
02:45:50.826 --> 02:45:52.295
-What do you mean "support"?
-ROBB: Didn't you?
02:45:52.328 --> 02:45:53.795
-You supported it!
-What do you mean "support"?
02:45:53.829 --> 02:45:55.164
Well, you helped
pick the target, didn't you?
02:45:55.198 --> 02:45:56.832
-(muffled rumbling)
-I did my job.
02:45:56.865 --> 02:45:58.600
I was not in a policy-making
position at Los Alamos.
02:45:58.633 --> 02:46:00.269
I would have done anything
I was asked to do.
02:46:00.303 --> 02:46:02.571
Well, then you would have
built the H-bomb too,
02:46:02.604 --> 02:46:03.739
-wouldn't you?
-I couldn't.
02:46:03.772 --> 02:46:05.674
I didn't ask you that, Doctor!
02:46:05.707 --> 02:46:08.043
And the GAC report
which you co-authored
02:46:08.077 --> 02:46:09.945
after the Soviet
atomic test said
02:46:09.978 --> 02:46:12.647
a Super bomb
should never be built!
02:46:12.681 --> 02:46:14.016
What we meant,
what I meant was...
02:46:14.049 --> 02:46:16.119
-ROBB: What you, who? Who?
-What I meant...
02:46:16.152 --> 02:46:17.853
(tense music continues)
02:46:17.886 --> 02:46:19.322
And wouldn't the Russians
do anything
02:46:19.355 --> 02:46:21.623
-to increase their strength?
-(music stops)
02:46:21.656 --> 02:46:23.625
(raises voice): If we did it,
they would have to do it.
02:46:23.658 --> 02:46:25.694
Our efforts would only
fuel their efforts,
02:46:25.727 --> 02:46:27.829
just as it had
with the atomic bomb.
02:46:27.863 --> 02:46:31.267
"Just as it had with
the atomic bomb," exactly!
02:46:31.300 --> 02:46:36.038
No moral scruples in 1945,
plenty in 1949.
02:46:40.176 --> 02:46:42.010
GRAY:
Dr. Oppenheimer...
02:46:43.678 --> 02:46:46.282
...when did your strong
moral convictions develop
02:46:46.315 --> 02:46:49.118
with respect
to the hydrogen bomb?
02:46:56.159 --> 02:46:59.062
When it became clear to me
02:46:59.095 --> 02:47:02.731
that we would tend to use
any weapon we had.
02:47:05.168 --> 02:47:07.669
STRAUSS: J. Robert Oppenheimer,
the martyr.
02:47:07.702 --> 02:47:10.306
I gave him exactly
what he wanted.
02:47:10.339 --> 02:47:12.607
To be remembered for Trinity,
02:47:12.641 --> 02:47:15.244
not Hiroshima,
02:47:15.278 --> 02:47:17.712
not Nagasaki.
02:47:20.249 --> 02:47:22.951
He should be thanking me.
02:47:22.984 --> 02:47:25.921
Well, he's not.
02:47:25.954 --> 02:47:27.722
(huffs)
02:47:27.756 --> 02:47:29.358
Do we still have enough votes,
02:47:29.392 --> 02:47:31.060
or is the crowning moment
of my career
02:47:31.094 --> 02:47:35.231
about to become the most public
humiliation of my life?
02:47:35.264 --> 02:47:37.833
Full Senate's about to vote.
02:47:37.866 --> 02:47:39.034
You'll scrape through.
02:47:39.068 --> 02:47:40.702
Great, then gather
the fucking press.
02:47:40.735 --> 02:47:42.704
GRAY:
Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer.
02:47:42.737 --> 02:47:45.707
This board, having heard
testimony from you
02:47:45.740 --> 02:47:48.877
and many of your current
and former colleagues,
02:47:48.910 --> 02:47:50.912
has come to
the unanimous conclusion
02:47:50.946 --> 02:47:54.049
that you are a loyal citizen.
02:47:55.351 --> 02:47:56.985
However,
02:47:57.018 --> 02:48:00.655
in the light of
your continuing associations
02:48:00.689 --> 02:48:01.957
and disregard
02:48:01.990 --> 02:48:04.127
for the security apparatus
of this country,
02:48:04.160 --> 02:48:07.696
together with your
somewhat disturbing conduct
02:48:07.729 --> 02:48:10.266
on the hydrogen bomb program
02:48:10.299 --> 02:48:11.833
and the regrettable
lack of candor
02:48:11.867 --> 02:48:14.237
in certain of your responses
to this board,
02:48:14.270 --> 02:48:17.140
we have voted two to one
02:48:17.173 --> 02:48:20.276
to deny the renewal
of your security clearance.
02:48:20.309 --> 02:48:23.412
A full written opinion,
with a dissent from Mr. Evans,
02:48:23.446 --> 02:48:26.948
will be issued to the AEC
in the coming days.
02:48:26.982 --> 02:48:28.650
That is all.
02:48:32.421 --> 02:48:33.755
-ROBB: Gordon...
-GORDON: Roger.
02:48:33.788 --> 02:48:35.657
(indistinct exchange)
02:48:38.793 --> 02:48:40.695
KITTY:
Robert.
02:48:41.330 --> 02:48:42.864
(on phone):
Robert.
02:48:45.334 --> 02:48:46.835
Don't...
02:48:49.205 --> 02:48:52.408
Don't take in the sheets.
(breathes heavily)
02:48:52.441 --> 02:48:53.775
(clamoring)
02:48:53.808 --> 02:48:55.211
REPORTER:
Get a picture with him.
02:48:55.244 --> 02:48:56.479
REPORTERS:
Sir, sir.
02:48:56.512 --> 02:48:58.980
SENATE AIDE:
Two minutes. Two minutes.
02:48:59.014 --> 02:49:00.216
-You'll get your shot.
-REPORTER 1: Please, sir.
02:49:00.249 --> 02:49:01.816
We've been waiting for so long.
02:49:01.850 --> 02:49:02.851
-REPORTER 2: Evening, sir.
-REPORTER 3: Come out.
02:49:02.884 --> 02:49:03.919
REPORTER 4:
Sir, sir!
02:49:03.952 --> 02:49:05.288
STRAUSS:
Is it official?
02:49:07.390 --> 02:49:08.790
SENATE AIDE:
Well, there were,
02:49:08.823 --> 02:49:11.960
uh, a couple
of unexpected holdouts.
02:49:11.993 --> 02:49:14.130
(solemn music playing)
02:49:16.399 --> 02:49:19.068
I'm denied. Yeah?
02:49:19.101 --> 02:49:21.070
-I'm afraid so, sir.
-All right.
02:49:28.777 --> 02:49:29.844
Who were the holdouts?
02:49:29.878 --> 02:49:32.814
Um, there were three,
02:49:32.847 --> 02:49:35.784
led by the junior senator
from Massachusetts.
02:49:35.817 --> 02:49:37.220
Young guy trying
to make a name for himself,
02:49:37.253 --> 02:49:39.821
didn't like what you did
to Oppenheimer.
02:49:39.854 --> 02:49:40.989
What's his name?
02:49:41.022 --> 02:49:43.226
Uh, Kennedy.
02:49:43.259 --> 02:49:45.061
John F. Kennedy.
02:49:48.531 --> 02:49:49.931
Kitty?
02:49:56.004 --> 02:49:59.408
Did you think that if you
let them tar and feather you,
02:49:59.442 --> 02:50:02.010
that the world
would forgive you?
02:50:05.548 --> 02:50:06.982
It won't.
02:50:09.352 --> 02:50:10.752
We'll see.
02:50:20.529 --> 02:50:22.531
Goddamn it.
02:50:22.565 --> 02:50:24.032
(sighs)
02:50:24.066 --> 02:50:27.002
(chuckles wryly)
You told me I'd be okay.
02:50:27.035 --> 02:50:29.405
Yeah, well, I didn't have
all the facts, did I?
02:50:29.438 --> 02:50:31.006
Here's a fact.
02:50:31.039 --> 02:50:32.874
President Eisenhower pinned
the Medal of Freedom
02:50:32.907 --> 02:50:34.343
on my chest last year
02:50:34.377 --> 02:50:36.878
'cause I've always done
what's right for this country.
02:50:36.911 --> 02:50:39.415
They don't want me
in the Cabinet room?
02:50:39.448 --> 02:50:41.883
Well, that's... that's fine.
02:50:41.916 --> 02:50:44.253
Maybe they should just
invite Oppenheimer instead.
02:50:44.287 --> 02:50:45.321
Maybe they will.
02:50:46.322 --> 02:50:47.556
I told you,
02:50:47.590 --> 02:50:50.226
he turned the scientists
against me one by one,
02:50:50.259 --> 02:50:52.428
starting with Einstein.
I told you about, uh, Einstein.
02:50:52.461 --> 02:50:53.895
I saw him by the pond.
02:50:53.928 --> 02:50:55.431
You did, but you know, sir,
02:50:55.464 --> 02:50:57.466
since nobody really knows
02:50:57.500 --> 02:50:59.135
what they said
to each other that day,
02:50:59.168 --> 02:51:03.205
is it possible they didn't
talk about you at all?
02:51:03.239 --> 02:51:06.375
Is it possible they spoke
about something, uh,
02:51:06.409 --> 02:51:07.842
more important?
02:51:07.876 --> 02:51:09.312
REPORTERS:
Mr. Strauss!
02:51:09.345 --> 02:51:11.046
(clamoring)
02:51:12.648 --> 02:51:15.050
Over here! Mr. Strauss!
02:51:18.187 --> 02:51:21.457
Oh. (chuckling)
02:51:21.490 --> 02:51:22.591
(gentle music playing)
02:51:22.625 --> 02:51:23.925
Thank you.
02:51:23.958 --> 02:51:26.462
-(laughing)
-Albert.
02:51:26.495 --> 02:51:28.464
-Ah.
-(clears throat)
02:51:28.497 --> 02:51:30.999
The man of the moment.
02:51:34.103 --> 02:51:37.473
You once held
a-a reception for me.
02:51:37.506 --> 02:51:39.308
In Berkeley.
You gave me an award.
02:51:39.342 --> 02:51:41.210
-Hmm?
-Yes.
02:51:42.111 --> 02:51:44.513
You all thought that
I had lost the ability
02:51:44.547 --> 02:51:47.483
to understand what I'd started.
02:51:47.516 --> 02:51:50.952
So the award
really wasn't for me,
02:51:50.985 --> 02:51:53.389
it was for all of you, hmm?
02:51:55.257 --> 02:51:57.259
Now it's your turn
02:51:57.293 --> 02:52:01.996
to deal with the consequences
of your achievement.
02:52:02.931 --> 02:52:04.233
And one day,
02:52:04.266 --> 02:52:06.901
when they've
punished you enough...
02:52:08.304 --> 02:52:12.208
...they'll serve you
salmon and potato salad.
02:52:15.944 --> 02:52:17.979
Make speeches...
02:52:19.013 --> 02:52:20.516
...give you a medal.
02:52:20.549 --> 02:52:22.184
(applause)
02:52:22.218 --> 02:52:24.387
Hello, Frank.
02:52:24.420 --> 02:52:25.654
You're happy, I'm happy.
02:52:25.688 --> 02:52:28.190
(gentle music continues)
02:52:32.628 --> 02:52:35.964
EINSTEIN: Pat you on the back,
tell you all is forgiven.
02:52:37.500 --> 02:52:39.901
Just remember...
02:52:40.536 --> 02:52:42.405
...it won't be for you.
02:52:46.675 --> 02:52:48.310
It'll be for them.
02:52:51.045 --> 02:52:53.282
(suspenseful music playing)
02:53:02.458 --> 02:53:03.992
Albert.
02:53:05.227 --> 02:53:08.697
When I came to you
with those calculations,
02:53:08.731 --> 02:53:10.965
we thought we might
start a chain reaction
02:53:10.999 --> 02:53:14.470
that would destroy
the entire world.
02:53:14.503 --> 02:53:17.972
Mm, I remember it well.
02:53:18.006 --> 02:53:20.075
What of it?
02:53:22.711 --> 02:53:24.447
I believe we did.
02:53:24.480 --> 02:53:26.749
(suspenseful music continues)
02:53:26.782 --> 02:53:29.218
(rhythmic stomping)
02:53:43.098 --> 02:53:44.999
(music tempo quickening)
02:53:45.033 --> 02:53:47.169
(engine rumbling)
02:53:54.210 --> 02:53:56.245
(up-tempo music continues)
02:54:07.823 --> 02:54:10.226
(music fades out)
02:54:12.828 --> 02:54:15.531
(sentimental music playing)
02:54:45.494 --> 02:54:47.563
♪ ♪
02:55:17.526 --> 02:55:19.595
♪ ♪
02:55:49.558 --> 02:55:51.627
♪ ♪
02:56:21.590 --> 02:56:23.659
♪ ♪
02:56:53.622 --> 02:56:55.691
♪ ♪
02:57:25.654 --> 02:57:27.723
♪ ♪
02:57:57.686 --> 02:57:59.755
♪ ♪
02:58:29.718 --> 02:58:31.787
♪ ♪
02:59:01.750 --> 02:59:03.819
♪ ♪
02:59:33.782 --> 02:59:35.851
♪ ♪
03:00:05.814 --> 03:00:07.883
♪ ♪
03:00:15.958 --> 03:00:18.360
(music fades)